Random-Parameters Behavioral Models to Investigate Determinants of Perceived Safety in Railway Stations

Table 4

Comparison between Binomial Logit and Mixed Logit estimated models.

	MODEL 1		MODEL 4				MODEL 3		MODEL 5
Specification	Binomial Logit		Mixed Logit				Binomial Logit		Mixed Logit
Description	All attributes		All attributes with random parameters				Consistent attributes in sign only and interactions with SE characteristics and travel habits		Consistent attributes in sign only with random parameters and interactions with SE characteristics and travel habits
#observations	1208		1208				1208		1208
Log-likelihood function (constants)	−835.5		−835.5				−835.5		−835.5
Log-likelihood function (fitted)	−648.1		−574.5				−627.9		−562.3
Pseudo-R2	0.224		0.314				0.249		0.328
Akaike information criterion	1316.3		1189.1				1285.9		1162.6
Variable	Coeff.	t-ratio	Coeff.	t-ratio	Std. dev.	t-ratio	Coeff.	t-ratio	Coeff.	t-ratio	Std. dev.	t-ratio
Surveillance cameras	0.46	6.25	1.21	3.77	0.94	0.80	0.45	6.01	0.90	5.29	1.84	3.84
Security personnel	0.89	11.81	2.58	4.10	1.78	1.40	1.10	11.22	2.36	6.76	3.88	7.73
Security personnel, employed							−0.47	−3.34	−1.12	−2.84
Commercial activities	0.08	1.21	0.29	1.70	2.36	2.57	0.08	1.18	0.20	1.60
Road crossings	1.12	6.49	3.27	3.42	1.35	0.92	0.78	4.37	1.66	3.42	2.78	3.44
Road crossings, freq. car high							0.49	2.09	0.95	1.61
Tactile path and signage	−0.09	−0.72	−0.01	−0.03	5.01	3.99
Greenery	0.25	2.18	0.79	2.36	0.78	0.65	0.56	3.21	1.16	4.04
Greenery, female							−0.54	−2.32	−1.14	−3.04
Intermodal infrastructure	0.45	3.69	1.34	2.56	5.43	3.66	0.27	1.84	0.39	1.03
Intermodal infrastructure, freq. PT high							0.67	2.70	1.72	2.52
Artificial lighting	0.09	0.73	0.26	1.08	1.46	1.78	0.09	0.74	0.19	1.07
Crowding	0.34	3.81	0.78	2.17	4.09	3.20	0.10	0.84	0.04	0.11
Crowding, female							0.46	2.62	0.82	1.73
Decorum and maintenance	1.11	8.88	3.44	3.72	4.95	2.44	1.00	7.36	2.26	4.85	4.33	5.74
Decorum and maintenance, freq. rail low							0.72	2.16	1.72	2.13

The symbols , , and indicate significance at 1%, 5%, and 10% level.