Application of Regenerative Braking with Optimized Speed Profiles for Sustainable Train Operation

Table 2

Optimized results with various scenarios during peak and off-peak periods.

Scenario	Peak		Off-peak
	Energy consumed (kWh)	Travel time (s)	Energy consumed (kWh)	Travel time (s)
I	214.4	294.8	207.7	290.8
II	97.2	349.5	99.5	349.1
III	144.1	294.8	143.1	290.8
IV	95.1	334.2	91.1	349.8

Note. Train unladen weight 753,182 kg; peak passenger volume 1500 passengers; off-peak passenger volume 750 passengers.