Development of a Semiautomatic Parametric Method for Creation of an I-BIM Model of a Tunnel for Use in FEM Software
Table 1
List of software packages mostly used for geotechnical analyses.
Name
Developer
Type
Highlights
Source
Midas GTS
MidasIT Engineering software
FEM
It uses mathematically defined geometry and Boolean operations on geometry and allows the import of STEP, IGES, and DXF files. It uses a hybrid finite element mesh, which means that it has the possibility to use a tetrahedral and a hexahedral mesh simultaneously. It is able to automatically create a mesh of finite elements on any geometry
Intended for the analysis of geotechnical objects. It uses mathematically defined geometry with Boolean operations on the geometry. DIANA uses a hybrid finite element mesh. In addition to the basic IGES and STEP file formats, it also allows the import of Autodesk DWG file formats
It allows engineers to import an older DXF record geometry that contains only 1D elements. It uses quadrangular finite elements for surface meshing and hexahedral and prismatic finite elements for volume meshing. The grid of finite volume elements must be created manually, which requires a lot of time
For the needs of tunnelling, it uses the geometry of arcs and lines with which it can create cross sections and allows you to import CAD geometries. It uses triangular elements with six or fifteen nodes to represent surfaces and tetrahedral elements with ten nodes to mesh volumes. It allows you to automatically create a grid of finite elements on any geometry
FLAC3D (Fast Lagrangian Analysis of Continua in 3 Dimensions) is a numerical modelling software for geotechnical analyses of soil, rock, groundwater, structures, and soil support
3DEC is a 3D numerical modelling code for advanced geotechnical analysis of soil, rock, groundwater, structural support, and masonry. The numerical formulation is based on the Distinct Element Method (DEM) for discontinuum modelling. UDEC is the two-dimensional version
