Highway Travel Time Prediction of Segments Based on ANPR Data considering Traffic Diversion

Table 7

Error results of different methods.

Methods	Error	Segment 1	Segment 2	Segment 3	Segment 4	Segment 5	Segment 6
CNNs	RMSE	2.8242	0.3846	0.8826	17.3829	0.2771	0.6939
	MAE	0.8733	0.2945	0.6959	5.9437	0.2194	0.526
	MAPE (%)	17.7045	5.2918	87.761	28.6955	4.9691	5.087
LR	RMSE	2.8847	0.1672	0.8917	19.1103	0.2163	0.6313
	MAE	0.9538	0.1031	0.6882	8.1038	0.159	0.4745
	MAPE (%)	19.5272	1.8677	85.7107	43.7899	3.6489	5.1051
LSTM-CNN	RMSE	1.5766	0.1666	0.7718	13.8563	0.2097	0.5642
	MAE	0.5549	0.0989	0.5418	4.0471	0.1452	0.4054
	MAPE (%)	12.8176	1.7848	58.9024	20.1201	3.305	4.2412
LSTM-ST	RMSE	2.8254	0.2065	1.1961	17.5173	0.8503	0.6259
	MAE	0.8774	0.1446	0.8220	5.9398	0.6748	0.4702
	MAPE (%)	17.8440	2.6093	64.5140	27.6214	18.4803	4.9916
SARIMA	RMSE	3.2309	0.2162	1.1533	18.1823	0.2649	0.8145
	MAE	1.3102	0.1183	0.7627	6.0104	0.1846	0.5878
	MAPE (%)	27.2927	2.1366	62.2503	29.4217	4.4407	7.7525
XGBoost	RMSE	2.8687	0.1823	0.8844	17.6053	0.2217	0.6523
	MAE	0.8792	0.1082	0.6361	5.0568	0.1633	0.4885
	MAPE (%)	17.3071	1.9531	70.682	20.2381	3.8021	5.0538