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| Indicators/models | Distributed layout | Large concentration mode |
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| Business standardization | Port business process is not unified and data management is difficult | All port business processes are standardized and unified |
| Information sharing | It is difficult to realize information sharing among ports, and the data are scattered in each port, so it is difficult to extract and mine the data | The data can be stored in a unified way, the information between ports can be shared in real time, the reading is limited by the permission system, and the data mining is easy |
| Construction cost | Repeated investment and high maintenance cost of port | One-time investment and centralized operation and maintenance by combined transport management organizations |
| Application development and update difficulty | The “chimney” structure is adopted, and the system renewal cycle is long | Using the virtual software package, the system update cycle is short |
| Information exchange mode | Information interaction based on system has low resource utilization, high interaction cost, low efficiency, and poor reliability | Information is exchanged through cloud service mode, and service resources can be shared among tenants with high utilization rate; it is cheap to rent services on demand instead of purchasing software; the service port is unified and can be accessed anytime and anywhere, with large service capacity and high reliability |
| Operation and maintenance mode | Vertical operation and maintenance mode, serious redundancy of operation and maintenance personnel, low utilization and efficiency | Flat operation and maintenance mode, highly shared operation and maintenance personnel, high utilization and efficiency |
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