Adaptive Coordinated Variable Speed Limit between Highway Mainline and On-Ramp with Deep Reinforcement Learning

Table 4

Performance comparison of DRL-ACVSL, EX-ACVSL, and Do-nothing strategies.

Scenario		Static demand			Dynamic demand
Strategy		DRL-ACVSL	EX-ACVSL	Do-nothing	DRL-ACVSL	EX-ACVSL	Do-nothing
Traffic flow (veh/h)	Avg.	4,291	3,998	3,909	4,818	4,208	4,041
	Med.	4,482	4,025	3,756	4,856	4,400	3,945
	Std. DV	517	468	660	610	656	688
Traffic density (veh/km)	Avg.	108	130	168	115	94	156
	Med.	109	134	177	119	90	162
	Std. DV	22	27	30	23	30	34
Traffic speed (km/h)	Avg.	41	32	25	44	47	28
	Med.	42	30	22	42	49	25
	Std. DV	6	8	9	10	11	11