Cooperation Modes between Competing Manufacturers in EV Supply Chain with Innovation-Driven Common Supplier

Table 1

Definitions of model parameters.

Parameters	Definition
	Basic demand in the market i,
	Basic demand in market i when ,
	Basic market demand ratio,
	Supplier innovation level
	Manufacturer’s share of innovation cost
	Demand in the market i,
	Competition degree between markets
	Consumer utility
	Wholesale price per unit
	Selling price of manufacturer i per unit,
	Supplier innovation costs
	Profit of manufacturer i,
	Supplier’s profit