Research Article

The Value of Preemptive Pick-Up Services in Dynamic Vehicle Routing for Last-Mile Delivery: Space-Time Network-Based Formulation and Solution Algorithms

Table 2

Sets, indexes, and parameters for model establishment.

SymbolDefinition

OIndex of depot
PSet of physical nodes in physical network
NSet of nodes in physical network,
ESet of directed links in physical network
TSet of time stamps
KSet of vehicles
Set of space-time vertexes
Set of space-time arcs
Set of space-time arcs for vehicle
Set of space-time traveling arcs
Set of space-time serving arcs
Index of decision epoch
Index of vehicles
Index of physical nodes
Set of physical nodes that still have to-be-served requests until time
Set of to-be-served request nodes until time
Set of to-be-served request nodes generated from physical node until time
Set of arriving arcs that end at request node in vehicle ’s network
Origin of vehicle at time
Destination of vehicle
The request node generated at physical node until time
EDTThe earliest departure time from depot
LATThe latest arrival time back to depot
Required service duration for request node
Required service duration for physical node
Remaining service duration for physical node until time
Indices of request nodes
Indices of time stamps
Indices of space-time vertexes
Index of space-time arc
Transportation cost on arc
Utility on arc