Research Article

Multimodal Transport Path Selection of Cold Chain Logistics Based on Improved Particle Swarm Optimization Algorithm

Table 1

Subscripts and parameters used in mathematical formulations.

SymbolDescription

Transport mode set
Network node set
Transshipment node set

Total quantity of cargoes
Transport cost from node to node in mode per unit cargo (¥/kg)
Transshipment cost from mode to mode in node per unit cargo (¥/kg)
Refrigeration costs generated during transport per hour (¥/h)
Refrigeration costs generated during transshipment per hour (¥/h)
The price per unit cargo (¥/kg)
The carbon tax per unit CO2 (¥/kgCO2)
Carbon emission from node to node in mode per unit distance (kgCO2/km)
Carbon emission from mode to mode in node per unit cargo (kgCO2/kg)
Carbon emission of refrigeration equipment per unit cargo and hour (kgCO2/kg·h)
Transport mileage from node to node in mode
Transport speed from node to node in mode
Transport time from node to node in mode
Transshipment time from mode to mode in node
Time uncertainty coefficient
The proportion of food damage
The freshness decay coefficient

Binary value, if mode k is selected from node to node , the value is 1, 0 if is otherwise
Binary value, if the mode changes from to in node i, the value is 1, 0 if is otherwise.