Ground-Air Traffic Congestion Propagation Model Based on Hierarchical Control Interdependent Network

Figure 10

Temporal density-speed diagram of traffic flow in Shanghai TCA on 15/12/2019: (a) DTD-ATD-ADS-AAS-time relationship; (b) DT-ADS-time relationship; (c) ATD-AAS-time relationship.

(a)

(b)

(c)