Applying the Operational Design Domain Concept to Vehicles Equipped with Advanced Driver Assistance Systems for Enhanced Safety

Table 5

ODD elements with high exposure frequencies.

Primary categories	Subcategory	Element	Exposure frequency
Physical infrastructure	Roadway type	Highway	26
		Intersection	18
	Roadway surface	Gravel	17
	Roadway edge	Line marker	16
		Concrete barrier	24
		Rails	25
		Curb	16
	Roadway geometry	Curve	28
		Lateral crest	23
		Corner	25
		Negative obstacle	25
		Lane width	20
Operational constraint	Speed limit	Maximum speed	27
		Minimum speed	31
Object	Roadway user	Pedestrian	23
		Cyclist	25
	Nonroadway user obstacle/object	Animal	27
		Debris	24
Environmental condition	Weather	Wind	18
		Rain	28
		Snow	29
		Temperature	17
	Weather-induced roadway condition	Standing water	26
		Icy road	22
	Particulate matter	Fog	25
		Dust/dirt	17
	Illumination	Day	17
		Night	19
		Headlight	17
Zone	Interference zone	Tunnel	16
		Parking garage	18