Time-Delay following Model for Connected and Automated Vehicles with Collision Conflicts and Forced Deceleration

Figure 5

Comparison of convergence curves of different algorithms. (a) F1. (b) F2. (c) F3. (d) F4. (e) F5. (f) F6.

(a)

(b)

(c)

(d)

(e)

(f)