Socioeconomic, Rural-Urban, and Racial Inequalities in US Cancer Mortality: Part I—All Cancers and Lung Cancer and Part II—Colorectal, Prostate, Breast, and Cervical Cancers
Table 5
Age-adjusted colorectal, prostate, breast, and cervical cancer mortality rates per 100,000 population and relative risk (RR) of mortality according to socioeconomic deprivation deciles and five rural-urban categories, United States, 2003–2007.
Age-adjusted mortality
Age-adjusted mortality
Age-adjusted mortality
Rate
SE
RR
Rate
SE
RR
Rate
SE
RR
Colorectal cancer mortality
Total population
All males
All females
Socioeconomic deprivation index
Socioeconomic decile 1
19.29
0.11
1.20*
23.70
0.19
1.25*
15.95
0.14
1.15*
Socioeconomic decile 2
19.16
0.11
1.20*
23.47
0.19
1.24*
15.90
0.13
1.15*
Socioeconomic decile 3
18.38
0.11
1.15*
22.51
0.18
1.19*
15.23
0.13
1.10*
Socioeconomic deciles 4–7
17.53
0.05
1.09*
21.04
0.09
1.11*
14.90
0.07
1.08*
Socioeconomic decile 8
16.47
0.10
1.03*
19.34
0.17
1.02*
14.27
0.13
1.03*
Socioeconomic decile 9
16.67
0.11
1.04*
19.76
0.19
1.04*
14.30
0.14
1.03*
Socioeconomic decile 10
16.01
0.10
1.00
18.99
0.18
1.00
13.82
0.13
1.00
Rural-urban continuum category
Large metro counties
17.48
0.05
1.00
21.00
0.08
1.00
14.90
0.06
1.00
Medium metro counties
16.88
0.07
0.97*
20.19
0.13
0.96*
14.36
0.09
0.96*
Small metro counties
17.36
0.11
0.99
21.14
0.18
1.01
14.46
0.13
0.97*
Urban nonmetro counties
18.91
0.08
1.08*
22.87
0.14
1.09*
15.83
0.10
1.06*
Rural counties
18.82
0.23
1.08*
22.82
0.39
1.09*
15.41
0.28
1.03
Colorectal cancer mortality
All whites
All blacks
Black male
Socioeconomic deprivation index
Socioeconomic decile 1
18.41
0.12
1.15*
25.42
0.34
1.14*
31.50
0.62
1.18*
Socioeconomic decile 2
18.48
0.11
1.15*
24.86
0.36
1.11*
31.50
0.68
1.18*
Socioeconomic decile 3
17.99
0.11
1.12*
24.24
0.45
1.09*
30.14
0.81
1.13*
Socioeconomic deciles 4–7
16.89
0.06
1.05*
25.43
0.22
1.14*
31.38
0.39
1.18*
Socioeconomic decile 8
16.04
0.11
1.00
23.63
0.48
1.06
28.40
0.87
1.07
Socioeconomic decile 9
16.55
0.12
1.03*
24.13
0.56
1.08*
29.01
1.02
1.09
Socioeconomic decile 10
16.03
0.11
1.00
22.33
0.56
1.00
26.63
1.01
1.00
Rural-urban continuum category
Large metro counties
16.83
0.05
1.00
24.80
0.17
1.00
30.62
0.32
1.00
Medium metro counties
16.50
0.08
0.98*
23.87
0.34
0.96*
29.40
0.61
0.96*
Small metro counties
16.88
0.11
1.00
25.22
0.51
1.02
30.83
0.91
1.01*
Urban non-metro counties
18.51
0.09
1.10*
25.95
0.41
1.05*
31.92
0.72
1.04*
Rural counties
18.42
0.24
1.09*
23.96
1.11
0.97*
31.81
2.01
1.04
Prostate cancer mortality
Total population
White
Black
Socioeconomic deprivation index
Socioeconomic decile 1
27.67
0.22
1.21*
23.42
0.22
1.03*
58.69
0.89
1.26*
Socioeconomic decile 2
25.32
0.20
1.11*
22.16
0.20
0.98
57.91
0.99
1.25*
Socioeconomic decile 3
24.30
0.19
1.06*
22.69
0.19
1.00
50.70
1.13
1.09*
Socioeconomic deciles 4–7
24.69
0.10
1.08*
22.64
0.11
1.00
54.17
0.56
1.17*
Socioeconomic decile 8
24.06
0.20
1.05*
22.88
0.20
1.01
49.54
1.26
1.07
Socioeconomic decile 9
24.22
0.23
1.06*
23.75
0.24
1.05*
52.72
1.54
1.14*
Socioeconomic decile 10
22.88
0.21
1.00
22.70
0.22
1.00
46.40
1.47
1.00
Rural-urban continuum category
Large metro counties
24.51
0.09
1.00
22.23
0.10
1.00
52.35
0.45
1.00
Medium metro counties
24.36
0.14
0.99
22.70
0.15
1.02*
56.20
0.92
1.07*
Small metro counties
24.81
0.21
1.01
23.34
0.21
1.05*
53.59
1.30
1.02
Urban nonmetro counties
25.51
0.16
1.04*
23.75
0.16
1.07*
60.28
1.06
1.15*
Rural counties
25.86
0.41
1.06*
23.96
0.41
1.08*
63.67
2.94
1.22*
Breast cancer mortality
Total population
White
Black
Socioeconomic deprivation index
Socioeconomic decile 1
24.50
0.17
1.04*
23.07
0.19
0.96*
32.69
0.50
1.11*
Socioeconomic decile 2
24.44
0.17
1.04*
23.22
0.18
0.97*
32.77
0.53
1.12*
Socioeconomic decile 3
23.84
0.17
1.01
23.05
0.17
0.96*
32.80
0.66
1.12*
Socioeconomic deciles 4–7
24.13
0.09
1.03*
23.37
0.09
0.98*
33.21
0.31
1.13*
Socioeconomic decile 8
24.02
0.17
1.02*
23.76
0.18
0.99
30.96
0.66
1.06
Socioeconomic decile 9
23.27
0.17
0.99
23.52
0.19
0.98
31.35
0.75
1.07
Socioeconomic decile 10
23.53
0.17
1.00
23.94
0.18
1.00
29.33
0.76
1.00
Rural-urban continuum Category
Large metro counties
24.39
0.08
1.00
23.74
0.08
1.00
32.65
0.24
1.00
Medium metro counties
23.42
0.12
0.96*
23.01
0.13
0.97*
31.34
0.48
0.96*
Small metro counties
23.71
0.17
0.97*
23.20
0.18
0.98*
32.07
0.73
0.98
Urban nonmetro counties
23.67
0.13
0.97*
23.07
0.14
0.97*
33.11
0.60
1.01
Rural counties
23.11
0.37
0.95*
22.18
0.37
0.93*
35.23
1.82
1.08
Cervical cancer mortality
Total Population
White
Black
Socioeconomic deprivation index
Socioeconomic decile 1
3.54
0.07
2.21*
3.12
0.07
2.07*
5.76
0.21
1.92*
Socioeconomic decile 2
3.01
0.06
1.88*
2.65
0.06
1.75*
5.27
0.21
1.76*
Socioeconomic decile 3
2.67
0.06
1.67*
2.50
0.06
1.66*
4.51
0.24
1.50*
Socioeconomic deciles 4–7
2.44
0.03
1.53*
2.22
0.03
1.47*
4.22
0.11
1.41*
Socioeconomic decile 8
2.09
0.05
1.31*
1.92
0.05
1.27*
3.95
0.24
1.32*
Socioeconomic decile 9
1.82
0.05
1.14*
1.71
0.05
1.13*
3.22
0.24
1.07
Socioeconomic decile 10
1.60
0.04
1.00
1.51
0.05
1.00
3.00
0.24
1.00
Rural-urban continuum category
Large metro counties
2.39
0.02
1.00
2.12
0.03
1.00
4.22
0.09
1.00
Medium metro counties
2.25
0.04
0.94*
2.09
0.04
0.99
4.01
0.17
0.95
Small metro counties
2.46
0.06
1.03
2.27
0.06
1.07*
4.80
0.28
1.14*
Urban nonmetro counties
2.79
0.05
1.17*
2.55
0.05
1.20*
6.01
0.26
1.42*
Rural counties
2.69
0.14
1.13*
2.46
0.14
1.16*
4.89
0.70
1.16
Mortality rates are age adjusted to the 2000 US standard population. . Decile 1 of the socioeconomic deprivation index represents the most deprived group and decile 10 the least deprived group. For computing relative risks of cancer mortality, the tenth socioeconomic decile and large metro counties were treated as reference categories. 1Counties in metropolitan areas with 1 million population or more. 2Counties in metropolitan areas of 250,000–1,000,000 population. 3Counties in metropolitan areas with population <250,000. 4Urban nonmetro counties. 5Rural counties with no places with a population of 2,500+.
