Equilibrium Measurements of the NH₃-CO₂-H₂O System: Speciation Based on Raman Spectroscopy and Multivariate Modeling

Figure 1

- data and models in the PLS-R modeling approach [15]. The parameters that emanate from PLS-R calibration include ( loadings); ( loading weights); ( scores); ( scores); and ( loadings). and are the residuals for and , respectively.