Environmentally Friendly Antifouling Metabolites from Red Sea Organisms

Table 1

Antifouling activity of the promising marine organisms.

Sample no.	Classes	Name of species	Settlement rate^1	Mortality^2
SH-03	Sponges	Siphonochalina siphonella	0	0
SH-07		Hyrtios erectus	29	0
SH-26		Halichlona sp. 2	15	0
SH-29		Hyrtios sp.	0	40
SH-36		Dysideid sponge	9	36
SH-40		Callyspongia sp.	12	10
SH-41		Callyspongia sp.	29	16
SH-04	Soft corals	Sinularia polydactyla	40	0
SH-11		Cespitularia sp.	0	0
SH-13		Sarcophyton trocheliophorum	0	0
SH-21		Sarcophyton glaucum	0	4
SH-23		Dendronephytia sp.	25	0
SH-24		Sinularia leptoclades	7	0
SH-54		Sinularia sp. 1	23	0
SH-55		Sinularia sp. 2	0	0
SH-56		Lobophyton sp.	19	0
SH-58		Soft coral K	22	0
SH-60		Dendronephytia	18	0
SH-61		Sponge N	16	0
SH-62		Strenophyta	24	0
SH-35	Sea firs	Sertularia sp.	9	2
SH-42	Tunicates	Ascidian sp.	28	0
SH-46	Cyanobacteria	Symploca sp.	1	88
SH-47		Blue-green algae	9	0
SH-48		Blue-green algae	2	90
SH-49		Blue-green algae	0	49
SH-50		Blue-green algae	20	67
SH-52		Blue-green algae	21	25
SH-65		Blue-green algae	6	0
SH-66		Blue-green algae	9	18
SH-67		Blue-green algae	19	79
SH-34	Algae	Halimeda tuna	12	15
SH-37		Laurencia sp.	25	17
Control^3	—	—	92	2

¹% settlement rates: 48 hr exposing the larvae to extracts at a concentration of 10 μg/mL. ²% mortality rates: 120 hr exposing the larvae to extracts at a concentration of 10 μg/mL. ³Control (no samples) of 4 times repeated.