Optimized Extraction Method for Kleeb Bua Daeng Formula with the Aid of the Experimental Design

Table 3

Box–Behnken design matrix for percentage extraction yield, TPC, TFC, TCC, and TAC from Kleeb Bua Daeng formula by the solvent extraction method.

Run order	Extraction variables			Response
	A (solvent)	B (number of extraction times)	C (material-to-solvent ratio)	Percentage extraction yield (%)		TPC (mg GAE/g extract)		TFC (mg QE/g extract)		TCC (mg β-carotene/g extract)		TAC (mg cyanidin-3-glucoside/g extract)
				Experimental	Predicted	Experimental	Predicted	Experimental	Predicted	Experimental	Predicted	Experimental	Predicted
1	−1	0	−1	2.77	3.08	25.26	23.68	28.77	27.76	8.43	9.47	0.00	0.00
2	0	0	0	6.84	6.36	41.89	40.86	19.21	21.20	8.97	10.00	0.00	0.00
3	0	1	1	7.24	7.80	48.39	45.11	21.00	21.63	6.57	5.57	0.00	0.00
4	0	1	−1	5.31	5.01	40.09	40.01	18.59	17.23	5.56	3.83	0.00	0.01
5	0	−1	1	5.39	5.69	40.13	40.21	20.99	22.35	7.84	9.57	0.00	−0.01
6	0	0	0	6.00	6.36	39.87	40.86	22.23	21.20	9.56	10.00	0.00	0.00
7	0	−1	−1	2.15	1.59	38.28	41.56	21.62	20.99	7.32	8.32	0.00	0.00
8	−1	1	0	2.95	2.94	25.73	27.39	27.36	29.73	7.99	8.68	0.00	0.00
9	1	1	0	15.57	15.31	50.93	52.63	10.63	8.99	3.52	5.56	0.18	0.17
10	1	−1	0	9.48	9.49	56.90	55.24	10.99	8.62	6.83	6.14	0.13	0.13
11	1	0	−1	8.86	9.42	56.29	54.67	10.52	13.52	4.89	4.58	0.15	0.15
12	1	0	1	16.14	15.83	53.51	55.09	6.26	7.27	5.23	4.19	0.14	0.14
13	−1	−1	0	2.98	3.24	23.14	21.44	32.96	34.60	18.64	16.60	0.00	0.01
14	0	0	0	6.41	6.36	39.94	40.86	21.67	21.20	10.06	10.00	0.00	0.00
15	0	0	0	6.29	6.36	40.99	40.86	21.03	21.20	10.97	10.00	0.00	0.00
16	0	0	0	6.28	6.36	41.59	40.86	21.88	21.20	10.44	10.00	0.00	0.00
17	−1	0	1	4.11	3.55	25.41	27.03	42.76	39.76	12.55	12.86	0.00	0.00

Type of solvent: (−1) ethyl acetate, (0) ethanol, (1) methanol, number of extraction times (times): (−1) 1, (0) 2, (1) 4, material/solvent ratio (g/ml): (−1) 1 : 3, (0) 1 : 6, (1) 1 : 9.