Bioactivity-Guided Single-Step Isolation of Stachyspinoside from Sideritis congesta by Centrifugal Partition Chromatography

Figure 6

(a) Anti-inflammatory activity of S. congesta crude extract and fractions on COX-2 at a test concentration of 0.1%. Results were expressed as mean ± SD (n = 6);  < 0.0001% vs. other CPC fractions; ns vs. fraction I. Statistical analysis was performed by one-way variance analyses (ANOVA) followed by Tukey’s test for post hoc analysis. The relative inhibition of enzymatic COX-2 was calculated with equation (4) between T₂ = 220 seconds and T₁ = 37 seconds. Celecoxib (0.5 µM) was used as a positive control. (b) Anti-inflammatory activity of S. congesta crude extract and fractions on NF-κB at a test concentration of 0.1%. Fraction II was further tested at 0.02% due to the results of the cytotoxicity assay. Results were expressed as mean ± SD (n = 6);  < 0.0001% vs. control solution (0.1 µg/mL TNF alpha);  = 0.0114% vs. control solution (0.1 µg/mL TNF alpha); ns vs. TNF alpha control solution (0.1 µg/mL TNF alpha). Statistical analysis was performed by one-way variance analyses (ANOVA) followed by Dunnett’s post hoc analysis (test compound vs. TNF alpha control solution). The inhibition of cellular NF-κB was calculated with equation (5). Dexamethasone (10 µM) was used as positive control.

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