Research Article

Natural Hydroxyapatite: Green Catalyst for the Synthesis of Pyrroles, Inhibitors of Corrosion

Table 2

Optimization of the standard reactiona.

EntrySolventT (°C)Molar ratio (S/C)Yieldb (%)

1Free solvent60020
2Free solvent6010068
3Free solvent606089
4Free solvent604063
5Free solvent602025
6H2O606080
7Ethanol606078
8Acetonitrile60606
9Toluene6060Trace
10Free solventRT6021
11Free solvent406024
12Free solvent906075
13Free solvent1206055
14Free solvent606078c
15Free solvent606077d

aAll reactions were carried out using aldehyde (2.5 mmol), amine (2.5 mmol), and 1,3-dicarbonyl compound (2.5 mmol) to nitromethane (5 mmol), t = 24 h. bIsolated yield. cReaction with AlPO4 as the catalyst. dReaction was conducted in the presence of fluoro-apatite (FAP) as the catalyst.