Research Article

Removal of Antibiotics from Real Hospital Wastewater by Cold Plasma Technique

Table 2

Some recent findings of cold plasma treatment for the elimination of antibiotic compounds in water or wastewater.

AntibioticsMatrixPlasma conditionsEfficiency (%)References

Ofloxacin ciprofloxacinSynthetic meat effluent (10 mg/L antibiotics)DBD reactor (25 mL), applied voltage of 80 kV, degradation kinetics: first-order, during a reaction time of 25 minOfloxacin 92%[21]
Ciprofloxacin 89%

Carbamazepine clofibric acid iopromideAqueous solution and synthetic landfill leachate carbamazepine (23.6 mg/L), clofibric acid (21.5 mg/L), iopromide (79.1 mg/L)DBD-rotating drum reactor (1000 mL), discharge power of 500 W during, reaction time of 60 minCarbamazepine 94%[22]
Clofibric acid 100%
Iopromide 98%

TetracyclineAqueous solution (50 mg/L)Corona with gas bubbling (250 mL), discharge power of 36 W during a reaction time of 24 min61.9%[23]

Paracetamol β-oestradiolAqueous solution of paracetamol (100 mg/L) β-oestradiol (3 mg/L)Corona with liquid shower (40 L), discharge power of 250 W during a reaction time of 30 minParacetamol 80%[24]
β-Oestradiol 70%

Lincomycin, ciprofloxacin, enrofloxacin, chlortetracycline, oxytetracycline, sulfathiazole, sulfamethoxazole, sulfamethazine trimethoprimAqueous solution (5 mg/L antibiotics)Cylindrical DBD reactor (1000 mL), supplied O2, discharge power of 6.8 W corresponding energy requirements: 0.39–2.06 kJ/mg antibiotic during a reaction time of 30 minOver 90%[27]

Amoxicillin cefuroxime ofloxacin ciprofloxacinReal HWW amoxicillin (23.58 mg/L), cefuroxime (0.273 mg/L), ofloxacin (41.23 mg/L), ciprofloxacin (1.052 mg/L)Corona with a liquid discharge system (600 mL), applied voltage of 30 kV, initial pH of 10, and an interelectrode distance of 10 mm during a reaction time of 15 minAmoxicillin 75.80%This study
Cefuroxime 99.20%
Ofloxacin 72.13%, ciprofloxacin 99.60%