Green Power Generation by Microbial Fuel Cells Using Pharmaceutical Wastewater as Substrate and Electroactive Biofilms (Bacteria/Biocarbon)

Table 1

Physicochemical parameters of the PWW used as substrate.

Parameter	Value
pH	9.2
Conductivity	2870 mS m^−1
Chemical oxygen demand (COD)	27,603 mg L^−1
Biochemical oxygen demand (BOD)	10,433 mg L^−1
Nitrate nitrogen (N–NO3)	6.13 mg L^−1
Total phosphorus	93.91 mg L^−1
Sulfate ion (SO^2−4)	1,161 mg L^−1
Total alkalinity	3,574 mg L^−1 CaCO3
Chloride	10,616 mg L^−1
Total dissolved solids (TDS)	30,540 mg L^−1
Total suspended solids (TSS)	3,320 mg L^−1