Green Synthesis by Microwave Irradiation of TiO₂ Using Cinnamomum verum and the Application in Photocatalysis

Table 4

Comparison of different studies with the presence of TiO₂ synthesized with the Cinnamomum verum extract.

Photocatalyst	Synthesis method	Conditions	Removal efficiency (%)	Reference
CuFeS2@ TiO2	Mechanochemical route	Methyl orange visible light	Ca. 74% @ t = 120 min	[74]
Palygorskite/UiO-66- TiO2	Wet chemical process	Methyl orange UV irradiation	100% @ t < 120 min	[75]
ZnFe2O4@TiO2	Solvothermal-US assisted	Methyl orange UV irradiation	83.8% @ t = 60 min	[76]
Submicrometer TiO2	Sol-gel/annealing	Methyl orange UV irradiation	Ca. 70% @ t = 160 min	[77]
TiO2@CS-PANI	Process of polymerization	Methyl orange visible light	89.5% @ t = 50 min	[78]
Ag/TiO2/carbon	Hydrothermal	Methyl orange visible light	94% @ t = 100 min	[79]
SnO2/TiO2	Hydrothermal	Methyl orange xenon lamp	91% @ t = 120 min	[80]
PTF- TiO2	Composite solution with water spray	Methyl orange UVA irradiation	100% @ t = 120 min	[81]
C-TiO2CO-TiO2	Microwave irradiation	Methyl orange UV irradiation	100% @ t = 40 min 40% @ t = 40 min	This work