Binding Investigation of Some Important Metal Ions Copper (I), Nickel (II), and Aluminium (III) with Bovine Serum Albumin Using Valid Spectroscopic Techniques

Table 1

Secondary structural study of the Cu⁺, Ni⁺², and Al⁺³ complexes of free BSA.

Amide I (cm^−1) components	Free BSA (%) 0.25 mM	BSA-Al^+3complex (%) 0.5 mM	BSA-Cu^+complex (%) 0.5 mM	BSA-Ni^+2complex (%) 0.5 mM
β–sheet (±2) 1614–1637	14	15	15	18
Random coil (±2) 1638–1648	5	20	21	13
α–helix (±4) 1650–1660	62	46	44	48
β–turn (±2) 1670–1678	16	12	12	14
β–antiparallel (±1) 1680–1691	3	7	8	7