Constituent Analysis and Quality Evaluation of Epimedii Folium from Different Species

Table 4

ANOVA results of different species of EF.

Constituents	Mean and standard deviation					F
	EBM (n = 16)	EKN (n = 6)	EPM (n = 5)	ESM (n = 8)	EWY (n = 5)
Lysine	198.24 ± 91.89	29.10 ± 6.27	21.02 ± 2.09	152.09 ± 66.04	27.93 ± 15.75	13.653	<0.001
Histidine	17.79 ± 6.84	9.38 ± 4.30	8.08 ± 1.26	15.28 ± 7.88	6.88 ± 4.19	5.29	0.002
Serine	75.72 ± 34.54	41.10 ± 17.08	15.49 ± 1.56	50.45 ± 28.90	21.32 ± 22.41	6.776	<0.001
Glycine	15.79 ± 4.95	9.61 ± 3.97	6.73 ± 2.01	21.99 ± 12.58	10.46 ± 7.68	4.849	0.003
Glutamic acid	137.58 ± 35.69	147.36 ± 53.47	169.08 ± 29.17	297.65 ± 189.22	171.46 ± 56.67	4.279	0.006
Alanine	118.50 ± 29.45	126.60 ± 30.36	87.64 ± 36.55	238.12 ± 84.59	119.92 ± 107.76	7.411	<0.001
Threonine	95.93 ± 39.97	59.90 ± 19.34	31.41 ± 16.26	85.47 ± 43.27	38.32 ± 27.91	5.146	0.002
Proline	304.12 ± 70.04	310.99 ± 162.30	377.14 ± 42.67	282.05 ± 95.87	203.27 ± 129.76	2.029	0.112
Adenosine	55.31 ± 45.23	16.72 ± 5.23	11.56 ± 7.17	74.53 ± 39.85	15.51 ± 15.56	4.717	0.004
Uracil	79.48 ± 47.51	51.13 ± 23.85	58.35 ± 11.03	79.21 ± 30.50	26.11 ± 12.41	2.74	0.044
Valine	173.75 ± 86.98	137.64 ± 43.24	65.58 ± 23.86	179.91 ± 71.88	86.25 ± 73.08	3.454	0.018
2′-deoxyadenosine	4.13 ± 3.80	1.54 ± 1.72	0.84 ± 0.26	7.94 ± 4.26	0.74 ± 0.50	6.306	0.001
Inosine	15.53 ± 1.32	13.91 ± 0.77	14.85 ± 0.33	14.00 ± 0.67	14.26 ± 1.18	4.499	0.005
Tyrosine	121.80 ± 51.56	43.78 ± 37.75	11.13 ± 1.17	18.93 ± 8.39	21.93 ± 19.51	16.949	<0.001
2′-deoxyinosine	3.96 ± 0.02	4.09 ± 0.14	4.00 ± 0.01	3.96 ± 0.01	4.06 ± 0.11	6.13	0.001
Leucine	167.86 ± 54.89	153.70 ± 66.47	32.65 ± 19.62	151.58 ± 50.45	55.51 ± 48.05	9.588	<0.001
Phenylalanine	242.16 ± 58.19	146.99 ± 45.44	95.18 ± 6.37	159.69 ± 83.34	75.99 ± 69.41	10.793	<0.001
Neochlorogenic acid	364.42 ± 470.81	1036.99 ± 545.10	159.37 ± 28.01	159.76 ± 76.23	660.73 ± 842.11	3.976	0.009
Chlorogenic acid	455.10 ± 111.93	664.78 ± 94.39	557.55 ± 178.10	249.06 ± 304.20	266.07 ± 285.79	5.364	0.002
Cryptochlorogenic acid	94.14 ± 75.51	794.70 ± 312.83	63.13 ± 44.63	72.60 ± 45.43	158.85 ± 165.23	31.375	<0.001
Caffeic acid	17.55 ± 10.38	18.73 ± 7.44	5.69 ± 0.41	4.31 ± 1.92	2.98 ± 2.69	8.278	<0.001
Magnoflorine	706.85 ± 191.35	1034.29 ± 340.86	901.91 ± 35.07	1369.82 ± 452.24	951.86 ± 325.19	7.049	<0.001
Isoquercitrin	97.65 ± 63.25	171.46 ± 63.62	315.17 ± 45.65	288.36 ± 52.58	118.45 ± 133.47	15.271	<0.001
Hyperoside	13.02 ± 11.66	41.74 ± 15.52	63.12 ± 28.89	71.62 ± 62.26	44.68 ± 54.18	4.316	0.006
Astragalin	98.85 ± 86.20	147.72 ± 100.58	121.48 ± 33.61	201.18 ± 153.95	99.97 ± 103.21	1.465	0.234
Trifolin	21.41 ± 13.59	27.89 ± 8.81	11.06 ± 5.64	33.86 ± 34.83	8.59 ± 6.61	2.076	0.105
Quercitrin	93.94 ± 94.28	32.88 ± 14.47	162.34 ± 53.70	180.32 ± 81.70	97.56 ± 105.87	3.456	0.018
Afzelin	147.71 ± 89.52	4.57 ± 2.54	15.75 ± 7.95	98.40 ± 63.97	53.43 ± 39.28	7.423	<0.001
Epimedoside A	604.53 ± 141.49	138.82 ± 63.48	61.60 ± 5.85	379.66 ± 222.82	153.80 ± 86.09	23.951	<0.001
Quercetin	14.82 ± 19.63	22.55 ± 17.41	61.95 ± 16.95	36.69 ± 23.52	19.24 ± 39.39	4.558	0.005
Luteolin	5.54 ± 3.39	10.24 ± 12.48	18.89 ± 2.80	30.99 ± 17.15	7.55 ± 11.67	9.387	<0.001
Epimedin A1	636.93 ± 577.67	48.93 ± 23.28	133.78 ± 48.09	738.22 ± 1018.00	75.40 ± 38.87	2.411	0.068
Epimedin A	2138.93 ± 253.61	1408.67 ± 393.67	1694.20 ± 79.36	1254.84 ± 548.43	1301.71 ± 500.77	10.715	<0.001
Epimedin B	2370.28 ± 330.44	1453.11 ± 345.07	1734.47 ± 43.65	1643.32 ± 634.64	1111.82 ± 480.92	12.293	<0.001
Epimedin C	2184.46 ± 390.62	726.32 ± 164.88	3941.52 ± 60.72	3453.26 ± 250.88	2326.50 ± 750.61	65.116	<0.001
Sagittatoside A	3219.18 ± 593.34	1338.45 ± 400.74	1222.17 ± 124.57	2086.52 ± 423.88	1345.09 ± 388.82	32.323	<0.001
Epimedin-I	23.96 ± 10.58	723.21 ± 382.72	11.59 ± 1.04	13.52 ± 7.11	6.36 ± 1.31	30.316	<0.001
Ikarisoside A	200.98 ± 96.18	35.32 ± 20.38	19.68 ± 2.59	97.92 ± 66.21	125.93 ± 125.26	7.538	<0.001
Icariside-I	27.54 ± 6.75	10.79 ± 4.77	12.99 ± 2.50	36.24 ± 17.06	4.76 ± 3.73	14.272	<0.001
Icaritin	29.37 ± 6.90	22.44 ± 8.84	56.16 ± 6.39	73.76 ± 37.52	17.45 ± 4.35	12.966	<0.001
Icariin	4252.89 ± 904.90	1155.98 ± 335.53	2417.97 ± 243.80	2707.15 ± 644.07	2528.38 ± 1331.47	18.564	<0.001
Sagittatoside B	367.88 ± 192.28	178.17 ± 61.54	389.67 ± 31.82	213.12 ± 187.19	315.48 ± 191.67	2.379	0.07
2′-O-rhamnosyl icariside-II	739.84 ± 346.90	86.63 ± 30.74	1211.52 ± 43.89	1124.24 ± 319.00	1316.00 ± 509.61	14.789	<0.001
Baohuoside-I	215.37 ± 79.69	64.84 ± 35.87	117.36 ± 21.79	215.04 ± 98.49	202.05 ± 136.37	4.676	0.004
Anhydroicaritin	7.52 ± 8.08	8.44 ± 10.41	48.10 ± 2.61	9.48 ± 4.85	3.43 ± 2.05	37.024	<0.001