Prediction of Refractive Indices of Binary Mixtures of Ionic Liquids and Water

Table 2

Results of the predictive refractive index values at 298.15 K for binary mixtures of ionic liquids + H₂O systems using Gladstone–Dale (G-D) and Newton approach in terms of average percentage deviations (APD) from respective experimental values. The systems are divided in different cation families and arranged from lowest APD to highest APD magnitude in each group.

M. no	Ionic liquid	Data points	G-D	Newton	Reference
Imidazolium (8)
M8	1-Butyl-3-methylimidazolium trifluoromethanesulfonat	15	0.0044	−0.0200	Vercher et al. [29]
M11	1-Butyl-3-methylimidazolium trifuoromethanesulfonate	13	−0.0047	−0.0330	Gonzalez et al. [30]
M7	1-Butyl-1-ethylimidazolium trifluoromethanesulfonate	15	−0.0118	−0.0364	Vercher et al. [29]
M6	1-Ethyl-3-methylimidazolium trifluoromethanesulfonate	15	0.0183	−0.0058	Vercher et al. [29]
M1	1-Ethyl-3-methylimidazolium ethylsulfate	10	0.0291	−0.0177	Gómez et al. [24]
M16	1-Hexyl-3-methylimidazolium dicyanamide	13	−0.0626	−0.1216	Gonzalez et al. [30]
M10	1-Butyl-3-methylimidazolium dicyanamide	13	−0.0737	−0.1391	Gonzalez et al. [30]
M5	1-(2-Hydroxyethyl)-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate	11	−1.8608	−1.8812	Rives et al. [28]
Pyrrolidinium (5)
M9	1-Butyl-1-methylpyrrolidinium trifluoromethanesulfonate	15	−0.0010	−0.0230	Vercher et al. [29]
M13	1-Butyl-1-methylpyrrolidinium trifluoromethanesulfonate	13	0.0023	−0.0188	Gonzalez et al. [30]
M12	1-Butyl-1-methylpyrrolidinium dicyanamide	21	−0.0445	−0.1246	Gonzalez et al. [30]
M3	Pyrrolidinium octanoate	11	0.4253	0.3964	Anouti et al. [26]
M2	Pyrrolidinium nitrate	12	−0.6393	−0.6537	Anouti et al. [25]
Pyridinium (3)
M15	1,2-Diethylpyridinium ethylsulfate	13	0.0214	−0.0444	Gonzalez et al. [30]
M17	1-Methylpyridinium methylsulfate	15	−0.0772	−0.1526	Gonzalez et al. [30]
M14	1-Butyl-3-methylpyridinium trifluoromethanesulfonate	13	0.1961	0.1573	Gonzalez et al. [30]
Ammonium (13)
M28	2-Hydroxy ethylammonium hexanoate	12	0.1484	0.0903	Rocha Pinto et al. [33]
M27	2-Hydroxy ethylammonium pentanoate	12	0.1549	0.0930	Rocha Pinto et al. [33]
M20	Diethylammonium acetate	21	0.1989	0.1655	Umapathi et al. [32]
M25	Trimethylammonium hydrogen sulfate (TMAS)	21	−0.2157	−0.2349	Umapathi et al. [32]
M24	Trimethylammonium acetate (TMAA)	21	−0.2686	−0.2815	Umapathi et al. [32]
M30	1,1,3,3-Tetramethylguanidine imidazolide	11	0.3059	0.2429	Ye et al. [34]
M18	Ethylammonium acetate	18	0.3981	0.3594	Hou et al. [31]
M29	2-Hydroxy diethylammonium hexanoate	11	0.4337	0.3599	Rocha Pinto et al. [33]
M23	Triethylammonium hydrogen sulfate (TEAS)	21	0.4358	0.3293	Umapathi et al. [32]
M21	Diethylammonium hydrogen sulfate	21	−0.4621	−0.4926	Umapathi et al. [32]
M19	Propylammonium acetate	20	0.5106	0.4685	Hou et al. [31]
M26	2-Hydroxy ethylammonium butanoate	12	0.5630	0.5007	Rocha Pinto et al. [33]
M22	Triethylammonium acetate	21	−0.5690	−0.6603	Umapathi et al. [32]