Removal of Heavy Metal Ions (Pb²⁺, Co²⁺, and Cd²⁺) by Activated Carbon from Cypress Fruit: An Investigation of Kinetics, Thermodynamics, and Isotherms

Table 3

Results of kinetics studies for the Pb²⁺, Co²⁺, and Cd²⁺ adsorption onto ACC.

Kinetic model		Linear models
			Related constants
PFO	Pb^2+	0.7597	= 4.61 × 10^−4 (min^−1)
	Co^2+	0.3481	= 1.38 × 10^−3 (min^−1)
	Cd^2+	0.8222	= 4.38 × 10^−3 (min^−1)
PSO	Pb^2+	0.9966	= 4.65 × 10^−3 (g·mg^−1·min^−1)
	Co^2+	0.9998	= 6.27 × 10^−3 (g·mg^−1·min^−1)
	Cd^2+	0.9543	= 1.52 × 10^−4 (g·mg^−1·min^−1)
IPD	Pb^2+	0.8430	= 0.4687 (mg·g^−1·min^−0.5)
	Co^2+	0.4622	= 0.7779 (mg·g^−1·min^−0.5)
	Cd^2+	0.8873	= 5.4366 (mg·g^−1·min^−0.5)