Comparing the Effectiveness of S-Ketamine Combined with Sufentanil versus Sufentanil Alone for Postoperative Pain Management in Elderly Patients Undergoing Laparoscopic Radical Resection of Gastrointestinal Cancer: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Table 3
Postoperative characteristics and side effects.
F group (n = 32)
LSF group (n = 32)
SF group (n = 31)
Differences (97.5% CI) value), LSF group vs F group
Differences (97.5% CI) value), SF group vs F group
Postoperative mechanical pain threshold (g)
Medial forearm
71.1 17.3
72.9 13.1
75.8 11.2
1.78 (−6.72, 10.28) [0.6433]
4.71 (−3.46, 12.89) [0.2049]
Periumbilical area
69.3 20.2
74.0 20.0
74.9 20.9
6 (−6, 16) [0.3137]
7 (−6, 17) [0.2536]
Hyperalgesia area (cm2)
41.2 9.1
38.2 11.0
36.2 9.4
−2.97 (−8.58, 2.64) [0.2441]
−4.93 (−10.11, 0.25) [0.0386]
Postoperative depression, n (%)
No depression
24 (75.0)
23 (71.9)
30 (96.8)
−0.03 (−0.18, 0.12) [0.777]
−0.22 (−0.35, −0.08) [0.014]
Mild depression
8 (25.0)
9 (28.1)
1 (3.2)
Time to first flatus (h)
40.5 [36.25, 49]
39.5 [38, 52.75]
24 [23, 36]
1 (−3, 5) [0.5755]
−14 (−18, −10) [<0.0001]
Time to first defecation (h)
82.7 12.6
79.0 15.8
55.2 10.2
−3.72 (−11.65, 4.22) [0.3020]
−27.53 (−33.94, −21.11) [<0.0001]
Adverse reactions, n (%)
Vomiting
5 (15.6)
3 (9.4)
2 (6.4)
−0.06 (−0.18, 0.05) [0.450]
−0.09 (−0.21, 0.02) [0.022]
Itching
1 (3.1)
1 (3.1)
0
0 (−0.08, 0.08) [1]
−0.03 (−0.10, 0.04) [1]
Dreaminess
3 (9.4)
3 (9.4)
4 (12.9)
0 (−0.12, 0.12) [1]
0.04 (−0.08, 0.15) [0.708]
Hallucinations
0 (0)
0 (0)
1 (3.2)
—
[0.492]
Diplopia
1 (3.1)
0 (0)
1 (3.2)
[1]
[1]
Data are represented as mean ± SD, median (25th–75th interquartile range), number of patients (%), and media difference (97.5% CI). The independent Student’s t-test, Mann−Whitney U test, chi-square test, or Fisher’s exact test was employed to compare the intervention groups to the F group, as appropriate. Following Bonferroni correction, the threshold for significance was set at 0.03. and in comparison to the F group.
