Effects of Antioxidant Supplementation on Graves’ Disease: A Meta-Analysis

Table 1

Characteristics of randomized controlled trials included in this meta-analysis.

Studies	Experimental group		Placebo group				Main outcome measures	Duration (m)	Dose of MMI (mg)	Dose of Se (μg)
	M : WM	Age	Plan A	M : WM	Age	Plan B
Vrca V. B. [20]	23 : 04	44 ± 12	MMI + Se	23 : 01	41 ± 14	MMI	FT3. FT4. TSH. SOD. TC. TG. LDL. Selenium	2	40−12	60
Xu B. et al. [15]	14 : 30	38.89 ± 11.59	MMI + Se	19 : 31	40.2 ± 12.63	MMI	FT3. FT4. TSH A-TG. A-TPO. TRAb	6	30	300
Kahaly G. J. et al. [16]	7 : 28	44.5 ± 13.8	MMI + Se	9 : 26	44.5 ± 13.4	Placebo + MMI	FT3. FT4. TSH. TPO-Ab. TgAb. TRAb. SePP. Selenium	9	10	300
Leo M. et al. [19]	2 : 13	43 ± 11	MMI + Se	1 : 14	38 ± 11	MMI	Serum selenium. FT3. FT4. TC	3	5–20	200
Wang L. et al. [18]	5 : 16	37.4 ± 15.0	MMI + Se	2 : 18	38.9 ± 14.3	MMI	FT4. FT3. TSH. TRAb	12–26	17.5–18.5	200
Calissendorff J. et al. [17]	4 : 13	N	MMI + Se	3 : 16	N	Placebo + MMI	FT3. FT4. TSH. TPO-Ab	9	30	200
							TRAb. SePP
Li S. et al. [21]	43 : 22	45.16 ± 10.43	MMI + Se	41 : 24	45.69 ± 10.28	MMI	FT3. FT4. TSH. TPOAb. TGAb	3	20–30	100
							TRAb

MMI, methimazole; Se, selenium; M (Men); WM, (women); FT3, free triiodothyronine; FT4, free thyroxine; TSH, thyroid-stimulating hormone; TPOAb, thyroid peroxidase antibody; TGAb, antithyroglobulin antibodies; TRAb, thyrotropin receptor antibody; TC, total cholesterol; TG, Triglycerides; LDL, low-density lipoprotein; SePP, selenoprotein; SOD, superoxide dismutase.