Echinatin Inhibits Oxidative Stress and Inflammatory Processes in Trophoblast Cells by Inhibiting TLR4-MyD88-NF-κB Pathway in Preeclampsia

Figure 2

Echinatin alleviates inflammation and oxidative stress induced by H₂O₂ in HTR-8/SVneo cells. (a)–(h) The HTR-8/SVneo cell line was treated with H₂O₂ at a concentration of 200 μM, as well as different concentrations (10, 20, and 40 μM) of echinatin. (a) ROS production was quantified using the DCFH-DA technique. Intracellular concentrations of MDA (b), SOD activity (c), and GSH-Px activity (d) were determined. ELISA experiments were conducted to quantify the concentrations of interleukin-18 (e), TNF-α (f), and interleukin-6 (g). The apoptotic rate of the cells was assessed using flow cytometry (h). The statistical results are reported as the mean ± standard deviation (SD). Significance levels are denoted as , , and .

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