Maternal Behaviors during Pregnancy Impact Offspring Obesity Risk

Table 2

Significant, unadjusted correlations between prenatal variables and WFA z-scores in offspring of overweight/obese mothers.

Maternal variables	Offspring WFA z	Offspring WFA z-scores
	scores at birth	at 6 months
Early in pregnancy
% kcal from protein	ns	−0.31, P   =  0.001
% kcal sweets	0.19, P = 0.01	0.36, P  =  0.0001
Dietary restraint	ns	−0.22, P  =  0.02
Disinhibition	0.17, P =  0.03	ns
Perceived stress	0.18, P = 0.02	0.18, P =  0.05
Fast food consumption	ns	0.21, P = 0.03
During pregnancy
Increases in dietary restraint	−0.17, P = 0.004	ns
Increases in stress	ns	−0.21, P = 0.03
Increases in % kcal from carbohydrates	0.18, P = 0.03	ns
Increases in % kcal from fat	−0.22, P =  .007	ns
Increases in % kcal from protein	ns	0.23, P  =  .01

Ns: non-significant, P ≥ .05;
WFA: weight for age.