Spontaneous Periodontitis Development in Diabetic Rats Involves an Unrestricted Expression of Inflammatory Cytokines and Tissue Destructive Factors in the Absence of Major Changes in Commensal Oral Microbiota

Figure 3

Increased number of immunoreactive cells for TNF-alpha, IL-1beta, IL-6, and RANKL in diabetic groups. After 1, 3, 6, 9, and 12 months of diabetes induction, histological sections of periodontal tissues were submitted to immunohistochemical analyses for TNF-alpha, IL-1beta, IL-6, and RANKL. The results are presented as mean ± SD of immunoreactive cells per mm² in 3 semiserial section of each animal, *𝑃<0.05, one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) followed by Tukey’s test.

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