Elevated Levels of Plasma IgA Autoantibodies against Oxidized LDL Found in Proliferative Diabetic Retinopathy but Not in Nonproliferative Retinopathy
Table 1
Clinical characteristics and levels of MDA-ox LDL of diabetic patients with diabetic retinopathy (DR) and without diabetic retinopathy (noDR). The data are expressed as mean (standard deviation (SD)) or (percent (%)).
DR
NoDR
Age (years)
58.9 (14.4)
55.9 (16.3)
0.126
Gender
0.411
Women
97 (42.4%)
50 (47.2%)
Men
132 (57.6%)
56 (52.8%)
BMI (kg/m2)
28.8 (5.8)
27.2 (5.0)
0.056
Diabetes
0.636
Type 1
98 (43.8%)
50 (47.2%)
Type 2
126 (56.2%)
56 (52.8%)
Duration
22 (11.5)
24.2 (7.8)
0.046
BP systolic (mmHg)
152.2 (23.6)
133.9 (13.5)
0.032
BP diastolic (mmHg)
83.8 (11.8)
83.6 (10.1)
0.976
Nephropathy
64 (37.2%)
16 (15.8%)
<0.001
Neuropathy
68 (40.5%)
19 (18.4%)
<0.001
Hypertension
171 (76.7%)
55 (51.9%)
<0.001
Cholesterol (mMol)
4.1 (1.1)
4.1 (0.9)
0.553
LDL (mMol)
2.3 (0.9)
2.1 (0.8)
0.122
HDL (mMol)
0.9 (0.5)
1.1 (0.5)
<0.001
Triglycerides (mMol)
1.2 (1.4)
0.6 (0.8)
<0.001
Creatinine (μMol)
102 (82.8)
72.9 (21.8)
<0.001
Glucose (mMol)
8.9 (4.0)
8.0 (2.9)
0.029
HbA1c (%)
8.5 (1.8)
7.7 (1.3)
<0.001
MDA-ox IgG
6827 (5397)
7177 (5056)
0.579
MDA-ox IgM
3316 (4489)
3536 (2933)
0.644
MDA-ox IgA
81.3 (45.4)
76.1 (48.2)
0.346
BMI: body mass index, BP: blood pressure, HbA1c: glycated hemoglobin, HDL: high-density lipoprotein, and LDL: low-density lipoprotein.
