The Association of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus with Cerebral Gray Matter Volume Is Independent of Retinal Vascular Architecture and Retinopathy

Table 3

Association between T2DM and MRI measures.

	Model 1; (T2DM)	Model 2; (β of T2DM)	Model 3; (β of T2DM)
Gray matter volume (mL)	−3.60 (−6.28 to	−3.70 (−6.39 to	−3.68 (−6.36 to
Right hippocampal volume (mL)	0.07 (−0.006 to 0.15)	0.07 (−0.005 to 0.15)	0.07 (−0.005 to 0.15)
Left hippocampal volume (mL)	0.02 (−0.05 to 0.10)	0.02 (−0.05 to 0.10)	0.02 (−0.05 to 0.10)
Total hippocampal volume (mL)	0.08 (−0.05 to 0.22)	0.08 (−0.05 to 0.22)	0.08 (−0.05 to 0.22)
White matter volume (mL)	0.15 (−2.54 to 2.84)	0.24 (−2.47 to 2.94)	0.23 (−2.48 to 2.93)
White matter hyperintensity volume (mL)	−0.06 (−1.46 to 1.34)	−0.06 (−1.47 to 1.36)	−0.05 (−1.47 to 1.36)
Infarct present (odds ratio)	2.31 (1.24 to	2.47 (1.32 to	2.55 (1.35 to
Microbleed present (odds ratio)	0.47 (0.17 to 1.29)	0.50 (0.18 to 1.40)	0.50 (0.18 to 1.41)

T2DM: Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus; MRI: Magnetic Resonance Imaging.
Model 1, adjusted for age, sex, and intracranial volume.
Model 2 β of T2DM when adjusted for arteriolar diameter, age, sex, and intracranial volume.
Model 3 β of T2DM when adjusted for arteriolar diameter, optimality ratio, age, sex, and intracranial volume.
value < 0.01.