Liver Biomarkers and Lipid Profiles in Mexican and Mexican-American 10- to 14-Year-Old Adolescents at Risk for Type 2 Diabetes
Table 4
Biological markers in 10- to 14-year-old Mexican and Mexican-American adolescents by location, sex, and risk status.
Biomarkers
Toluca ()
Texas ()
Low versus high Risk
Toluca versus Texas
♂ versus ♀
Risk-location-sex
Low risk ()
High risk ()
Low risk ()
High risk ()
Male Mean ± SD ()
Female Mean ± SD ()
Male Mean ± SD ()
Female Mean ± SD ()
Male Mean ± SD ()
Female Mean ± SD ()
Male Mean ± SD ()
Female Mean ± SD ()
Total cholesterol (mg/dl)
125.3 ± 58.9
144.7 ± 48.4
122.6 ± 64.3
135.6 ± 62.2
152.0 ± 24.7
159.4 ± 23.3
158.4 ± 20.1
153.8 ± 29.5
0.621
0.000
0.114
0.799
HDL (mg/dl)
46.5 ± 11.1
46.2 ± 10.7
42.1 ± 9.7
39.1 ± 6.2
48.1 ± 13.0
50.7 ± 11.3
41.6 ± 8.7
41.8 ± 10.7
0.000
0.128
0.910
0.959
LDL (mg/dl)
82.8 ± 18.8
89.3 ± 24.5
73.6 ± 27.2
85.3 ± 22.8
78.8 ± 19.9
83.0 ± 20.0
90.2 ± 16.2
83.9 ± 24.5
0.927
0.664
0.153
0.159
Triacylglycerides (mg/dl)
96.1 ± 67.8
100.9 ± 58.4
154.9 ± 109.7
169.2 ± 76.8
125.0 ± 59.5
128.2 ± 64.9
132.6 ± 51.9
140.0 ± 79.9
0.000
0.896&
0.411
0.883
Cholesterol/HDL (mg/dl)
3.3 ± 0.6
12.1 ± 54.0
3.7 ± 0.8
4.3 ± 1.8
3.3 ± 0.9
3.3 ± 1.1
3.9 ± 1.0
3.8 ± 0.9
0.561
0.388
0.381
0.442
ALP (mg/dl)
298.8 ± 86.6
268.9 ± 102.2
292.7 ± 110.2
177.5 ± 96.0
259.9 ± 63.8
196.5 ± 94.6
250.8 ± 84.3
183.8 ± 90.1
0.011
0.002
0.00+
0.079
GGT (mg/dl)
12.4 ± 2.3
11.5 ± 3.9
18.7 ± 11.1
13.6 ± 5.8
15.4 ± 5.5
13.8 ± 5.3
21.0 ± 6.8
14.3 ± 5.0
0.000
0.006
0.00#
0.782
ALT (mg/dl)
17.2 ± 13.4
15.1 ± 5.5
23.5 ± 19.5
19.7 ± 11.6
20.0 ± 13.2
14.6 ± 10.1
26.0 ± 14.7
18.2 ± 13.4
0.001
0.605
0.002
0.926
Three-way ANOVA; Student’s t-test. Statistically significant by sex and risk status together; ; #; statistically significant by location and risk status together, . Significant values are shown in bold.
