Characterization of Metabolically Healthy Obese People and Metabolically Unhealthy Normal-Weight People in a General Population Cohort of the ABCD Study
Table 3
Physical and biochemical characteristics of the cohort divided according to the presence of overweight-obesity.
Normal-weight (BMI < 25 kg/m2)
Overweight-obesity (BMI ≥ 25 kg/m2)
a
n (%)
294 (28.9)
725 (71.1)
Male (%)
32.0
43.3
<0.001
Age
45 ± 15
55 ± 13
<0.001
Smokers (%)
21.4
14.5
0.01
Physical inactivity (%)
55.6
62.4
0.04
Body weight (kg)
60.4 ± 8.2
81.1 ± 14.9
<0.001
BMI (kg/m2)
22.7 ± 1.7
30.7 ± 4.8
<0.001
Waist circumference (cm)
82.9 ± 7.5
102.2 ± 11.3
<0.001
Phase angle BIA (°)
6.8 ± 1.1
6.9 ± 2.8
0.29
Type 2 diabetes (%)
2.7
10.5
<0.001
Hypertension (%)
16.0
41.3
<0.001
CHD (%)
1.0
5.4
<0.001
AA aneurysm (%)
1.7
1.5
0.83
Cholelithiasis (%)
7.8
13.8
0.01
Hepatic steatosis (%)
25.9
53.0
<0.001
Blood concentrations
hs-CRP (mg/dl)
0.16 ± 0.28
0.29 ± 0.44
<0.001
Cholesterol (mg/dl)
199 ± 40
207 ± 41
0.005
LDL cholesterol (mg/dl)
118 ± 38
127 ± 36
<0.001
HDL cholesterol (mg/dl)
66 ± 17
58 ± 16
<0.001
Triglycerides (mg/dl)
81 ± 46
108 ± 58
<0.001
Uric acid (mg/dl)
4.4 ± 1.1
5.1 ± 1.3
<0.001
Glucose (mg/dl)
86 ± 12
95 ± 22
<0.001
Insulin (mU/ml)
6.75 ± 3.39
12.1 ± 9.16
<0.001
HbA1c (%)
5.3 ± 0.5
5.6 ± 0.7
<0.001
HOMA-IR
1.46 ± 0.91
2.95 ± 3.05
<0.001
eGFR (ml/min/1.73 m2)
99.8 ± 16.9
90.6 ± 17.4
<0.001
ABI
1.08 ± 0.07
1.08 ± 0.07
0.21
c-IMT max (mm)
0.61 ± 0.21
0.72 ± 0.22
<0.001
Mean ± SD or percentages. aStudent’s t-test for independent samples, χ2 test if appropriate; CHD: coronary heart disease; AA: abdominal aorta; ABI: ankle-brachial index; BIA: bioelectrical impedance analysis; BMI: body mass index; c-IMT max: maximum carotid intima-media thickness; eGFR: estimated glomerular filtration rate; HbA1c: glycated hemoglobin; HDL: high-density lipoproteins; HOMA-IR: homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance; hs-CRP: high-sensitivity C-reactive protein; LDL: low-density lipoproteins.
