Diabetes Is Associated with Musculoskeletal Pain, Osteoarthritis, Osteoporosis, and Rheumatoid Arthritis

Table 3

Multiple logistic regression on the associations between diabetes and musculoskeletal pain.

	Back/lower back pain		Pain in the limbs		Shoulder/neck pain
Unadjusted model
Exposure	OR (95% CI)		OR (95% CI)		OR (95% CI)
Diabetes	1.5 (1.4-1.6)	<0.001	2.0 (1.9-2.1)	<0.001	1.3 (1.2-1.3)	<0.001
Adjusted model
Exposure	OR (95% CI)		OR (95% CI)		OR (95% CI)
Diabetes	1.2 (1.1-1.2)	<0.001	1.4 (1.3-1.4)	<0.001	1.2 (1.1-1.3)	<0.001

Adjusted for age, gender, BMI, education, marital status, and physical activity.