Differences in the Clinical and Hematological Characteristics of COVID-19 Patients with and without Type 2 Diabetes

Table 3

Laboratory findings of CBC analysis of patients with and without T2D infected with COVID-19.

Variables	Normal range	NDM group ()			T2D group ()			value
		Median (IQR)	Increased No. (%)	Decreased No. (%)	Median (IQR)	Increased No. (%)	Decreased No. (%)
RBC (×109/L)	3.9-5.1	4.04	0 (0.00%)	19 (47.50%)	4.14	0 (0.00%)	17 (42.50%)	0.51
Hb (g/L)	115-150	124.60	0 (0.00%)	16 (40.00%)	128.80	0 (0.00%)	12 (30.00%)	0.28
WBC (×10^9/L)	3.5-9.5	5.36	0 (0.00%)	6 (15.00%)	7.22	6 (15.0%)	4 (10.00%)	0.01
NEUT (×109/L)	1.8-6.3	3.28	2 (5.00%)	3 (7.50%)	5.41	10 (25.00%)	1 (2.50%)	<0.01
LYMPH (×10^9/L)	1.1-3.2	1.43	0 (0.00%)	17 (42.50%)	1.22	3 (7.50%)	18 (45.00%)	0.18
MONO (×10^9/L)	0.1-0.6	0.50	6 (15.00%)	1 (2.50%)	0.52	9 (22.50%)	0 (0.00%)	0.76
PLT (×109/L)	125-350	226.30	1 (2.50%)	1 (2.50%)	226.30	2 (5.00%)	5 (12.50%)	0.99
CRP(mg/L)	>5	25.11	20 (50.00%)	0 (0.00%)	51.44	25 (62.50%)	0 (0.00%)	0.02
AST (U/L)	7-40	38.00	18 (45.00%)	1 (2.50%)	37.12	9 (22.50%)	0 (0.00%)	0.22
ALT (U/L)	13-35	32.20	12 (30.00%)	3 (7.50)	26.73	1 (2.50%)	2 (5.00%)	0.72
ALP (U/L)	50-135	78.30	2 (5.00%)	0 (0.00%)	72.20	1 (2.50%)	5 (12.50%)	0.63
GGT (U/L)	7-45	43.60	13 (32.50%)	0 (0.00%)	48.20	9 (22.50%)	0 (0.00%)	0.37
TP (g/L)	65-85	63.60	0 (0.00%)	25 (62.50%)	62.90	0 (0.00%)	25 (62.50%)	0.98
ALB (g/L)	40-55	37.60	0 (0.00%)	25 (62.50%)	35.60	0 (0.00%)	23 (57.50%)	0.08
GLB (g/L)	20-40	26.30	1 (2.50%)	4 (10.00%)	27.20	0 (0.00%)	2 (5.00%)	0.08
ALB/GLB	1.2-2.4	1.49	1 (2.50%)	3 (7.50%)	1.33	0 (0.00%)	7 (17.50%)	<0.01
TBIL (μmol/L)	0-23	3.78	1 (2.50%)	0 (0.00%)	11.2	2 (5.00%)	0 (0.00%)	0.71
Urea (mmol/L)	0-8	17.40	2 (5.00%)	4 (10%)	5.30	2 (5.00%)	1 (2.50%)	0.36
Cr (μmol/L)	2.6-7.5	66.30	3 (7.50%)	6 (15.00%)	60.30	3 (7.50%)	7 (17.50%)	0.50
UA (μmol/L)	155-357	322	7 (17.50%)	6 (15.00%)	250	4 (10.00%)	0 (0.00%)	0.01
GLU (mmol/L)	3.9-6.1	5.04	0 (0.00%)	0 (0.00%)	9.60	40 (100%)	0 (0.00%)	<0.01
Lac (mmol/L)	0.5-1.5	2.45	20 (50.00%)	0 (0.00%)	2.99	30 (75.00%)	0 (0.00%)	0.02
K+ (mmol/L)	3.5-5.3	4.07	0 (0.00%)	6 (15.00%)	4.12	1 (2.50%)	7 (17.50%))	0.83
Na+(mmol/L)	137-147	141	4 (10.00%)	4 (10.00%)	140	1 (2.50%)	10 (25.00%)	0.01
Cl- (mmol/L)	99-110	105	3 (7.50%)	0 (0.00%)	104	0 (0.00%)	6 (15.00%)	<0.01
Ca2+ (mmol/L)	2.11-2.52	2.17	0 (0.00%)	11 (27.50%)	2.12	0 (0.00%)	22 (55.00%)	0.04
Correct Ca2+(mmol/g)	2.11-2.52	2.31	0 (0.00%)	1 (2.50%)	2.25	0 (0.00%)	4 (25.00%)	0.02
AGPK (mmol/L)	12-20	14.08	2 (5.0%)	3 (7.50%)	15.40	2 (5.00%)	6 (15.00%)	0..81
OSMO (mosm/L)	280-310	282.30	2 (5.00%)	8 (20.00%)	282	3 (7.50%)	8 (20.00%)	0.92
TCH (mmol/L)	<5.2	4.06	1 (2.50%)	0 (0.00%)	3.96	2 (5.00%)	0 (0.00%)	0.68
TG (mmol/L)	<1.7	1.54	7 (17.50%)	0 (0.00%)	1.75	11 (27.50%)	1 (2.50%)	0.27
LDL (mmol/L)	≥1	1.08	0 (0.00%)	17 (42.50%)	0.98	0 (0.00%)	20 (50.00%)	0.51
HDL (mmol/L)	<3.4	2.95	2 (5.00%)	1 (2.50%)	2.44	5 (12.50%)	0 (0.00%)	0.73

RBC: red blood cells count; Hb: hemoglobin; LYMPH: lymphocyte count; MONO: monocyte count; WBC: white blood cell count; NEUT: neutrophil count; PLT: platelet count; Hs-CRP: high-sensitivity C-reactive protein; CRP: C-reactive protein; ALT: alanine aminotransferase; AST: aspartate aminotransferase; ALP: alkaline phosphatase; GGT: γ-glutamyltransferase; TP: total protein; ALB: albumin; GLB: globulin; TBIL: total bilirubin; Cr: creatinine; UA: uric acid; GLU: glucose, Lac: lactic acid; AGPK: anion gap; OSMO: osmotic pressure; TCH: total cholesterol; TG: triacylglycerol; LDL: low-density lipoprotein cholesterol; HDL: high-density lipoprotein cholesterol. values indicate differences between T2D patients and NDM patients.  <0.05 was considered statistically significant.