N¹-Methylnicotinamide Improves Hepatic Insulin Sensitivity via Activation of SIRT1 and Inhibition of FOXO1 Acetylation

Figure 5

MNAM enhances protein expression of the hepatic insulin signaling pathway. Protein expression and phosphorylation levels of IRS2, PI3K, AKT, and GSK3β, of the hepatocyte insulin signaling pathway, measured by Western blot (). (a) Visualization of Western blots; (b) bar graphs of IRS2, PI3K, AKT, and GSK3β; (c) bar graphs of p-IRS2/IRS2, p-PI3K/PI3K, p-AKT/AKT, and p-GSK3β/GSK3β. Compared with the control group, ; ^#compared with the CMNAM group, ; ^$compared with the DM group, ; ns: not significant, .

(a)

(b)

(c)