Insulin-Attenuated Inflammatory Response of Dendritic Cells in Diabetes by Regulating RAGE-PKCβ1-IRS1-NF-κB Signal Pathway: A Study on the Anti-Inflammatory Mechanism of Insulin in Diabetes

Figure 2

Insulin therapy inhibiting the immune inflammatory response of spleen DCs in DM mice. (a) Expressions of cell surface CD83, CD86, and MHC-II of spleen DCs as determined by flow cytometry. (b, c) Expressions of the cytokines and chemokines in spleen DCs were analyzed by quantitative real-time RT-PCR. Insulin treatment reduced the elevation of proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines in DM mice; insulin treatment reversed decline in anti-inflammatory factor IL-10 in DM mice. (d) Representative immunoblot analysis of NF-κB and IκB by western blot suggested the activation of NF-κB and IκB was suppressed by insulin treatment. Data are expressed as ; ; vs. Sham group; ^# vs. DM group. DCs: dendritic cells; DM: diabetes mellitus; TNF-α: tumor necrosis factor-α; IFN-γ: interferon-γ; MHC-II: major histocompatibility complex-II; NF-κB: nuclear factor-κB.

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