En Balance: The Contribution of Physical Activity to the Efficacy of Spanish Diabetes Education of Hispanic Americans with Type 2 Diabetes

Table 3

Participant blood glucose, lipid, and body composition profiles at baseline and at three months ().

	Baseline	Three months	Mean difference	value
			± SD
Fasting blood glucose (mg/dl)
↓KYN			-	<0.001
↑KYN			-	0.101
A1C (%)
↓KYN			-	0.002
↑KYN			-	0.001
Insulin (μU/ml)
↓KYN				0.265
↑KYN				0.784
HOMA-IR^a
↓KYN			-	0.437
↑KYN			-	0.564
Total cholesterol (mg/dl)
↓KYN			-	0.012
↑KYN			-	0.838
HDL cholesterol (mg/dl)
↓KYN				0.287
↑KYN				0.119
LDL cholesterol (mg/dl)
↓KYN			-	0.032
↑KYN				0.913
Cholesterol : HDL ratio
↓KYN			-	0.003
↑KYN			-	0.275
Triglycerides (mg/dl)
↓KYN			-	0.014
↑KYN			-	0.970
BMI (kg/m^2)
↓KYN			-	0.808
↑KYN			-	<0.001
DXA : trunk fat (kg)
↓KYN			-	0.207
↑KYN			-	<0.001

BIA = bioelectrical impedance analysis; BMI = body mass index; DXA = dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. ^a. 3 months to baseline, paired sample Mann–Whitney test. ↓KYN = subjects whose plasma kynurenines decreased after the 3-month intervention. ↑KYN = subjects whose plasma kynurenines increased after the 3-month intervention.