The Cost-Effectiveness of Lifestyle Interventions for Preventing Diabetes in a Health Resource-Limited Setting

Table 2

Base case results for lifestyle interventions compared to no prevention.

Outcomes	No prevention	Lifestyle interventions	Difference
Cumulative probabilities of diabetes	93.57%	84.04%	-9.53%
Cumulative probabilities of complications
MI	10.56%	9.93%	-0.63%
Stroke	24.17%	22.62%	-1.55%
CHF	14.89%	13.71%	-1.18%
ESRD	4.61%	4.22%	-0.39%
Blindness	5.79%	5.66%	-0.13%
Clinical neuropathy	21.28%	20.25%	-1.03%
Minor amputation	12.21%	10.55%	-1.66%
Major amputation	9.22%	7.94%	-1.28%
Total QALY	13.03	13.55	0.52
Total LY	27.87	28.68	0.82
Total cost (US $)^#	11,390	10,689	-700
ICER (US $/QALY)	NA	Dominant

Compared with the control strategy (no prevention). ^#All cost data were shown in the 2019 US dollar ().