High Hidden Burden of Diabetes Mellitus among Adults Aged 18 Years and Above in Urban Northwest Ethiopia
Table 3
Binary logistic regression output for the factors associated with DM among adults aged 18 years and above in urban northwest Ethiopia, 2019.
Variable
DM
Crude OR (95% CI)
Adjusted OR (95% CI)
Yes
No
Age
1.06 (1.04, 1.08)
1.06 (1.04, 1.09)
Sex
Male
22
274
1
1
Female
27
450
0.75 (0.42, 1.34)
0.76 (0.34, 1.70)
Educational status
Uneducated
16
157
1.87 (0.89, 3.94)
0.35 (0.11, 1.14)
Primary
8
111
1.32 (0.54, 3.24)
0.83 (0.25, 2.74)
Secondary
11
199
1.01 (0.45, 2.28)
1.00 (0.36, 2.81)
Diploma and above
14
257
1
1
Occupation
Government employed
9
218
1
1
Unemployed
17
317
1.30 (0.57, 2.97)
1.49 (0.49, 4.52)
Private job
12
164
1.77 (0.73, 4.31)
1.61 (0.52, 4.95)
Retired
11
25
10.66 (4.03, 28.21)
2.04 (0.64, 6.53)
Wealth index
Poor
14
295
1
1
Medium
13
143
1.92 (0.88, 4.18)
1.45 (0.52, 4.05)
Rich
22
286
1.62 (0.81, 3.23)
1.64 (0.61, 4.41)
Family history DM
No
42
674
1
1
Yes
7
50
2.25 (0.96, 5.26)
2.15 (0.78, 5.95)
Frequency of eating vegetables per week
No eating
23
219
1
1
1-3 days
15
382
0.37 (0.19, 0.73)
0.29 (0.13, 0.65)
4-7 days
11
123
0.85 (0.40, 1.81)
0.51 (0.19, 1.33)
Frequency of eating fatty meal per week
No eating
35
544
1
1
1-3 days
8
121
1.03 (0.47, 2.27)
1.22 (0.49, 3.08)
4-7 days
6
59
1.58 (0.64, 3.91)
1.42 (0.51, 3.96)
Physical activity
At least moderate physical activity
22
471
1
1
No physical activity
27
252
2.29 (1.28, 4.11)
1.70 (0.84, 3.44)
Current smoking habit
Smoker
1
14
1.06 (0.14, 8.20)
0.96 (0.09, 10.45)
Nonsmoker
48
710
1
1
Waist circumference
Normal
21
461
1
1
High risk
28
263
2.00 (1.12, 3.60)
1.72 (0.82, 3.60)
Hypertension
No
36
647
1
1
Yes
13
77
3.03 (1.54, 5.97)
1.35 (0.61, 2.99)
AOR: adjusted odds ratio; COR: crude odds ratio; CI: confidence interval; DM: diabetes mellitus; High-risk waist circumference: ≥94 cm for male and ≥80 cm for female; value < 0.01; <0.001.
