Neonatal Hypoglycemia Related to Glycine Levels in Uncontrolled Gestational Diabetes Mellitus during Mid-Late Pregnancy: Multicenter, Prospective Case-Cohort Observational Study

Table 2

Blood tests on pregnant women and neonates.

	All groups	GDM	Control	P
OGTT (mmol/L)
Fasting blood glucose				<0.001
1-hour postprandial blood glucose				<0.001
2-hour postprandial blood glucose				<0.001
HbA1c (average, %)				<0.001
Plasma lipid test (before delivery, mmol/L)
TG	4.44 (3.7, 5.19)	4.87 (3.86, 5.88)	4.39 (3.69, 5.1)	<0.001
TC	6.27 (5.34, 7.17)	6.31 (5.34, 7.23)	6.26 (5.34, 7.16)	0.437
HDL-C	2.05 (1.59, 2.57)	2.07 (1.57, 2.56)	2.05 (1.6, 2.57)	0.640
LDL-C	2.98 (2.06, 3.87)	2.95 (2.05, 3.93)	2.98 (2.06, 3.86)	0.694
Cord blood test (μM)
Gly	7.53 (1.71, 308.40)	15.52 (2.37, 346.09)	6.67 (1.63, 298.50)	<0.001
Isovalerylcarnitine	0.11 (0.08, 0.15)	0.12 (0.09, 0.25)	0.1 (0.08, 0.14)	<0.001
Octenylcarnitine	0.07 (0.05, 0.10)	0.08 (0.05, 0.14)	0.07 (0.05, 0.09)	<0.001
Palmitoylcarnitine	1.66 (1.05, 2.25)	1.52 (0.92, 2.12)	1.68 (1.08, 2.28)	<0.001
Octadecylcarnitine	0.64 (0.47, 0.82)	0.68 (0.49, 0.96)	0.63 (0.47, 0.80)	<0.001
Octadecenoylcarnitine	0.9 (0.68, 1.18)	0.94 (0.68, 1.26)	0.89 (0.68, 1.17)	0.001

Data given as the in maternal glucose profiles and as the median (25^th, 75^th) in others. GDM: gestational diabetes mellitus; HbA1c: glycosylated haemoglobin; OGTT: oral glucose tolerance test; TG: triglyceride; TC: total cholesterol; HDL-C: high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol; LDL-C: low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol; Gly: glycine.