Clinical Findings in Diabetes Mellitus Patients with COVID-19
Table 2
Clinical characteristics of DM patients with COVID-19.
Classification based on severity
Classification based on gender
ICU ()
Non-ICU ()
Female ()
Male ()
Reference range
Age, years
63.0 (42-73)
61.5 (46-76)
64.2 (46-73)
59.7 (42-76)
Sex
Male
1 (14.3%)
8 (66.7%)
-
-
Female
6 (85.7%)
4 (33.3%)
-
-
Wuhan exposure
5 (71.4%)
5 (41.7%)
6 (60.0%)
4 (44.4%)
Comorbidity
7 (100.0%)
7 (58.3%)
8 (80.0%)
6 (66.7%)
Hypertension
5 (71.4%)
7 (58.3%)
7 (70.0%)
5 (55.6%)
Coronary heart disease
1 (14.3%)
2 (16.7%)
2 (20.0%)
1 (11.1%)
Chronic liver disease
3 (42.9%)
0
2 (20.0%)
1 (11.1%)
Cerebral infarction
1 (14.3%)
0
1 (10.0%)
0
Time of DM duration, year(s)
5.1 (0-15)
5.3 (0.5-10)
6.1 (0-15)
3.8 (0-10)
Admission symptoms
Cough
6 (85.7%)
3 (25.0%)
6 (60.0%)
3 (33.3%)
Dyspnea
5 (71.4%)
0
4 (40.0%)
1 (11.1%)
Fevera
6 (85.7%)
7 (58.3%)
9 (90.0%)
4 (44.4%)
Highest temperature, °C
37.9 (36.4-39.0)
37.9 (36.1-39.3)
38.1 (37.1-39)
37.6 (36.1-39)
Admission measures
HbA1c, %
8.5 (7.5-9.5)
7.1 (6.2-7.5)
7.9 (7.0-9.5)
7.3 (6.2-9.5)
3-6.5
Proteinuria
4 (57.1%)
4 (33.3%)
6 (60.0%)
2 (22.2%)
White blood cell count, ×109/L
6.3 (0.8-12.0)
5.4 (2.6-9.9)
5.7 (0.8-12.0)
5.8 (4.1-9.9)
4-10
Neutrophil count, ×109/L
4.8 (0.7-11.1)
3.8 (1.9-8.2)
4.5 (0.7-11.1)
4.9 (2.8-8.2)
2-7
Lymphocyte count, ×109/L
1.1 (0.1-3.0)
1.1 (0.6-1.9)
0.9 (0.1-1.9)
1.4 (0.6-3.0)
0.8-4
Creatinine, μmol/L
80.0 (40.3-255.7)
63.1 (34.3-124.1)
72.9 (34.3-255.7)
65.3 (42.8-124.1)
54-106
Blood urea nitrogen, mmol/l
7.6 (3.0-16.9)
4.7 (3.1-6.9)
6.7 (3.2-16.9)
4.7 (3.0-7.2)
2.86-8.20
ALT, U/L
20.0 (8.2-44.6)
25.3 (8.1-68.4)
21.6 (8.1-44.6)
25.4 (8.5-68.4)
0-42
AST, U/L
27.9 (14.5-52.6)
28.6 (15.5-43.5)
29.4 (14.5-52.6)
27.2 (15.5-43.5)
0-37
Creatine kinase, U/L
125.0 (9.3-501.9)
98.6 (44.8-193.5)
124.5 (9.3-501.9)
90.4 (44.8-193.5)
10-190
Lactate dehydrogenase, U/L
243.0 (136.4-319.4)
176.1 (120.7-244.7)
233.7 (133.7-319.4)
164.2 (120.7-273.9)
135-225
D-dimer, μg/ml
1.9 (0.2-6.5)
0.6 (0.1-3.9)
1.7 (0.1-6.5)
0.4 (0.1-1.2)
0-1
C-creative protein, mg/L
52.0 (1.0-77.4)
40.6 (2.7-80.3)
55.7 (16.5-77.4)
32.6 (1.0-80.3)
0-8
Bilateral pneumonia
7 (100.0%)
7 (58.3%)
10 (100.0%)
4 (44.4%)
Time from symptoms onset to admission, days
7.6 (1-12)
5.4 (1-15)
6.8 (3-12)
5.6 (1-15)
Data are presented as mean (range) or (%). Abbreviations: DM: diabetes mellitus; ICU: intensive care unit; RT-PCR: reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction; ALT: alanine aminotransferase; AST: aspartate aminotransferase. aDefined as a axillary temperature of greater than 37.3°C.
