Research Article
Aqueous Humor Analyses in Patients with Diabetic Retinopathy Who Had Undergone Panretinal Photocoagulation
Table 2
Characteristics of patients depending on interval between PRP and aqueous sampling.
| | | ≤6 months after PRP () | >6 months and ≤12 months after PRP () | >12 months after PRP () | value |
| | Systemic factors | Sex (male : female) | 1 : 7 | 5 : 3 | 16 : 6 | 0.014 | | Age (years) | | | | 0.160 | | Duration of diabetes | | | | 0.309 | | HbA1c (%) | 7.00 [6.55; 7.55] | 8.05 [6.95; 9.05] | 7.30 [6.90; 7.70] | 0.265 | | Hypertension | 5 (62.50%) | 3 (37.50%) | 14 (63.64%) | 0.450 | | Dyslipidemia | 1 (12.50%) | 0 (0.0%) | 5 (22.73%) | 0.581 | | ESRD | 2 (25.00%) | 0 (0.0%) | 2 (9.09%) | 0.367 | | Concentrations of aqueous cytokines | IL-1 (pg/mL) | 0.00 [0.00; 3.95] | 0.00 [0.00; 0.21] | 0.00 [0.00; 0.17] | 0.661 | | IL-2 (pg/mL) | 4.60 [0.00; 12.27] | 0.00 [0.00; 1.81] | 0.00 [0.00; 0.00] | 0.189 | | IL-6 (pg/mL) | 9.61 [4.92; 14.36] | 21.01 [4.50; 50.03] | 7.75 [3.70; 14.52] | 0.665 | | IL-8 (pg/mL) | 19.13 [10.68; 26.87] | 16.36 [10.48; 28.65] | 13.30 [9.08; 23.49] | 0.933 | | IL-10 (pg/mL) | 1.29 [0.90; 2.43] | 0.94 [0.27; 1.55] | 0.86 [0.26; 1.44] | 0.459 | | IL-17 (pg/mL) | 2.16 [0.68; 5.75] | 1.36 [0.00; 1.76] | 0.54 [0.00; 2.16] | 0.382 | | TNF-α (pg/mL) | 3.85 [1.76; 5.90] | 0.14 [0.00; 2.19] | 0.00 [0.00; 2.47] | 0.011 | | VEGF (pg/mL) | 117.03 [109.59; 304.36] | 79.36 [56.38; 97.55] | 47.72 [27.05; 65.84] | 0.001 | | PlGF (pg/mL) | 7.25 [4.44; 11.13] | 3.74 [3.21; 4.66] | 2.60 [2.19; 3.46] | 0.002 | | OCT findings | Baseline CST | 356.00 [339.00; 488.00] | 415.00 [367.00; 594.00] | 386.50 [359.00; 455.00] | 0.293 | | DME type (DRT:CME) | 4 : 4 | 6 : 2 | 16 : 6 | 0.623 | | EZD grade | | | | | | 0 | 4 (50.00%) | 1 (12.50%) | 11 (50.00%) | 0.328 | | 1 | 3 (37.50%) | 4 (50.00%) | 5 (22.73%) | | 2 | 1 (12.50%) | 3 (37.50%) | 6 (27.27%) |
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Values are expressed as the or median and interquartile range, as appropriate. PRP: panretinal photocoagulation; HbA1c: glycated hemoglobin; ESRD: end-stage renal disease; IL: interleukin; TNF: tumor necrosis factor; VEGF: vascular endothelial growth factor; PlGF: placental growth factor; OCT: optical coherence tomography; CST: central subfield thickness; DME: diabetic macular edema; DRT: diffuse retinal thickening; CME: cystoid macular edema; EZD: ellipsoid zone disruption. |
