Factors Influencing the Risk of Major Amputation in Patients with Diabetic Foot Ulcers Treated by Autologous Cell Therapy

Table 1

Baseline characteristics of patients.

	Amputation (AMP) ()	Without amputation (nAMP) ()
Sex
Male	30 (81%)	64 (84%)	NS
Female	7 (19%)	12 (16%)
Age (years)
Cholesterol (mmol/L)
LDL cholesterol (mmol/L)
Body mass index (kg/m^2)	27.8	26.7
Malnutrition	8 (22%)	15 (20%)
Diabetes mellitus
Diabetes type 1	5 (14%)	19 (25%)	NS
Diabetes type 2	32 (86%)	57 (75%)
HbA1c (mmol/mol)
Duration of diabetes (years)
CRP (mg/L)
Comorbidities
Chronic kidney disease (CKD)	2.43	2.63	NS
Modification of diet in renal disease study equation (MDRD)	0.74	0.95
Chronic heart failure	26 (70%)	41 (54%)
Smoking
Smoker	5 (13%)	9 (12%)	NS
Ex-smoker	21 (57%)	22 (29%)
Years of history of smoking
Nonsmoker	11 (30%)	45 (59%)
Treatment
Acetylsalicylic acid	22 (59%)	34 (45%)	NS
Clexane	2 (5%)	6 (8%)
Clopidogrel	5 (14%)	12 (16%)
Rivaroxaban	0 (0%)	5 (7%)
Dabigatran	2 (5%)	12 (16%)
Warfarin	6 (16%)	7 (9%)
Statins	25 (68%)	37 (49%)
Vascular interventions
Percutaneous transluminal angioplasty (PTA) (number of patients (%)/number of procedures)	35 (95%)/1.62	29 (38%)/1.74	NS
Bypass (number of patients (%)/number of procedures)	13 (35%)/0.59	25 (33%)/0.36
Cultivation
MRSA or ESBL infection	5 (14%)	7 (9%)	NS
Another ATB-resistant infection	6 (16%)	23 (30%)
Osteomyelitis	6 (16%)	23 (30%)
Osteomyelitis
Osteomyelitis in X-ray	11 (29.7%)	33 (43.4%)	NS
Positive probe to bone test	6 (16%)	17 (22%)
Prothrombophilic factors
MTHFR A1298C	22 (61%)	29 (38%)	NS
Homocysteine (μmol/L)	12.07	16.51
MTHFR C677T	13 (35%)	31 (41%)
Homocystein (μmol/L)	12.80	15.40
Protein C (%)
Protein S (%)
Cell product
Viability (%)	96.2	93.9	NS
Total CD34+ in product (10^6)	12.6	13.9
Total leucocytes in product (10^9)	2.6	2.2