The Effects of C. lacerata on Insulin Resistance in Type 2 Diabetes Patients

Table 3

Biochemical measurements of hepatic and renal function.

	Placebo group ()			C. lacerata group ()			value^b
	Week 0	Week 12	value^a	Week 0	Week 12	value^a
ALT (IU/L)			0.741			0.023	0.018
AST (IU/L)			0.867			0.672	0.457
GGT (IU/L)			0.716			0.25	0.175
Liver fibroscan
LSM score (kPa)			0.124			0.079	0.978
CAP score (dB/m)			0.867			0.919	0.905
BUN (mg/dL)			0.92			0.81	0.690
Cr (mg/dL)			0.872			0.269	0.826
eGFR (mL/min)			0.512			0.096	0.301
Cystatin C (mg/L)			0.063			0.202	0.933
Urine Alb (mg/dL)			0.988			0.769	0.101
Urine Cr (mg/dL)			0.885			0.987	0.754
Urine ACR (mg/gCr)			0.871			0.696	0.581

Data are presented as (SD). ^aNonparametric paired Wilcoxon signed-rank test was used to compare baseline data to those at 12 weeks in each group. ^bMann-Whitney test was employed for analysis of difference between two groups. Statistically significant values are indicated ^awithin-group value < 0.05 and ^bbetween-group value < 0.05. ALT: alanine aminotransferase; AST: aspartate aminotransferase; GGT: gamma-glutamyl transferase; LSM: liver stiffness measurement; CAP: controlled attenuated parameter; BUN: blood urea nitrogen; Cr: creatinine; eGFR: estimated glomerular filtration rate; urine Alb: urine albumin; urine Cr: urine creatinine; urine ACR: urine albumin to creatinine ratio; NS: nonsignificant.