Research Article
Association between Vitamin D Status and Mortality among Adults with Diabetic Kidney Disease
Table 1
Baseline characteristics of participants with DKD according to serum 25(OH)D concentrations in NHANES 2001–2014.
| | Variables | Serum 25(OH)D concentrations (nmol/l) | value | | <25.0 | 25.0 to <50 | 50.0 to <75 | ≥75 |
| | Number of patients | 102 | 450 | 409 | 241 | | | Age (years) | | | | | <0.001 | | BMI (kg/m2) | | | | | <0.001 | | Sex (%) | | | | | 0.043 | | Male | 48 (47.1%) | 247 (54.9%) | 251 (61.4%) | 135 (56.0%) | | | Female | 54 (52.9%) | 203 (45.1%) | 158 (38.6%) | 106 (44.0%) | | | Race (%) | | | | | <0.001 | | Non-Hispanic white | 18 (17.6%) | 108 (24.0%) | 168 (41.1%) | 117 (48.5%) | | | Non-Hispanic black | 58 (56.9%) | 169 (37.6%) | 87 (21.3%) | 64 (26.6%) | | | Mexican American | 19 (18.6%) | 121 (26.9%) | 80 (19.6%) | 24 (10.0%) | | | Other | 7 (6.9%) | 52 (11.6%) | 74 (18.1%) | 36 (14.9%) | | | Education levels | | | | | 0.002 | | Less than high school | 46 (45.1%) | 219 (48.7%) | 192 (46.9%) | 78 (32.4%) | | | High school or equivalent | 21 (20.6%) | 97 (21.6%) | 90 (22.0%) | 71 (29.5%) | | | College or above | 34 (33.3%) | 131 (29.1%) | 126 (30.8%) | 91 (37.8%) | | | Other | 1 (1.0%) | 3 (0.7%) | 1 (0.2%) | 1 (0.4%) | | | Family income-poverty ratio | | | | | 0.582 | | ≤1.0 | 32 (34.4%) | 119 (29.4%) | 99 (25.8%) | 56 (25.6%) | | | 1.0–3.0 | 43 (46.2%) | 186 (45.9%) | 193 (50.4%) | 109 (49.8%) | | | >3 | 18 (19.4%) | 100 (24.7%) | 91 (23.8%) | 54 (24.7%) | |
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