Brachial-Ankle Pulse Wave Velocity Mediates the Association between Increased Age and Risk of Sarcopenia among Chinese Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
Table 1
Characteristics of patients with or without sarcopenia.
Characteristics
Nonsarcopenia ()
Sarcopenia ()
value
SMI (kg/m2)
7.60 (6.62-8.30)
6.25 (5.28-6.77)
< 0.001
Grip strength (kg)
30.2 (22.3-37.9)
21.3 (15.9-26.5)
< 0.001
Gait speed (m/s)
1.05 (0.92-1.16)
0.83 (0.72-0.96)
< 0.001
SARC-CalF
1 (0-10)
11 (10-11)
< 0.001
Male (%)
226 (63.3)
66 (73.3)
0.074
Age (years)
57.0 (48.0-67.0)
65.5 (54.8-74.3)
< 0.001
Age classes (%)
< 0.001
≤53 years
129 (36.1)
20 (22.2)
54–65 years
128 (35.9)
25 (27.8)
≥66 years
100 (28.0)
45 (50.0)
BMI (kg/m2)
23.9 (22.0-25.9)
21.0 (19.3-23.0)
< 0.001
BMI classes (%)
< 0.001
Low (<24 kg/m2)
183 (51.3)
75 (83.3)
High (≥24 kg/m2)
174 (48.7)
15 (16.7)
SBP (mmHg)
132 (120-148)
136 (122-152)
0.407
ALT (U/L)
22 (15-33)
17 (12-30)
0.012
Creatinine (μmol/L)
65.0 (54.3-81.0)
68.0 (51.5-94.5)
0.332
Albumin (g/L)
38.5 (36.5-40.9)
35.5 (30.8-38.6)
< 0.001
LDL-c (mmol/L)
2.47 (1.87-3.14)
2.56 (1.86-3.57)
0.247
Vitamin D (nmol/L)
57.9 (45.4-71.1)
54.5 (34.0-65.3)
0.005
FBG (mmol/L)
8.1 (6.7-9.9)
9.6 (7.5-12.0)
< 0.001
2hPG (mmol/L)
0.003
HbA1c (%)
9.2 (7.7-11.2)
9.1 (8.2-11.5)
0.575
HbA1c classes (%)
0.732
<7%
40 (11.3)
9 (10.0)
≥7%
315 (88.7)
81 (90.0)
VPT classes (%)
< 0.001
Low (<15 V)
262 (79.6)
43 (53.8)
High (≥15 V)
67 (20.4)
37 (46.3)
baPWV (cm/s)
1557 (1355-1810)
1766 (1548-2132)
< 0.001
baPWV classes (%)
< 0.001
Normal (<1400 cm/s)
112 (31.4)
10 (11.1)
Boardline (1400 to <1800 cm/s)
154 (43.1)
38 (42.2)
Elevated (≥1800 cm/s)
91 (25.5)
42 (46.7)
Diabetes duration (years)
9.0 (3.0-14.0)
10.0 (5.0-20.0)
0.001
Diabetes duration classes (%)
0.001
≤10 years
251 (70.3)
47 (52.2)
>10 years
106 (29.7)
43 (47.8)
Smoking status (%)
0.088
Never
214 (59.9)
45 (50.0)
Ever
143 (40.1)
45 (50.0)
Drinking status (%)
0.436
Never
210 (58.8)
57 (63.3)
Ever
147 (41.2)
33 (36.7)
SMI: skeletal mass index; SBP: systolic blood pressure; ALT: alanine transaminase; LDL-c: low density lipoprotein-cholesterol; FBG: fasting blood glucose; 2hPG: 2-hour postload plasma glucose; HbA1c: hemoglobin A1c; BMI: body mass index; VPT: vibration perception threshold; baPWV: brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity.
