Research Article

Translation of a Diabetes Remission Service into Australian Primary Care: Findings from the Evaluation of DiRECT-Australia

Table 4

Changes in physical activity, readiness to change lifestyle behaviour, and quality of life and wellbeing at 12 and 52 weeks’ follow-up.

Variable
(%) or mean
Baseline ()12 weeks follow-up52 weeks follow-up
Follow-up valueFollow-up value

Physical activity IPAQ-short form 7 days
Have you participated in vigorous activity in the past 7 days15 (38.5%)10 (40.0%)0.59911 (50.0%)0.687
Have you participated in moderate activity in the past 7 days19 (48.7%)16 (64.0%)0.35713 (59.1%)1.000
Have you walked more than 10 min at a time in the last 7 days34 (87.2%)25 (100%)1.00019 (86.4%)0.500
IPAQ: MET-min per week2820.32782.30.9812740.90.998
Readiness to change lifestyle behaviour (and % for action and maintenance stage)
Dietary change: readiness to change diet
 Do you drink water and other nonsugary drinks instead of sugary drinks/fruit juice30 (76.9%)24 (96.0%)0.03121 (95.5%)0.625
 Do you eat at least four or more servings of vegetables daily21 (53.8%)15 (60.0%)0.75414 (63.6%)1.000
 Do you eat at least three different protein foods every 1-2 days30 (76.9%)17 (68.0%)0.50817 (77.3%)1.000
 Do you eat less fat overall?14 (35.9)23 (92.0%)<0.00115 (68.2%)0.125
 Have you reduced amount of food you eat at each sitting21 (53.8%)24 (96.0%)<0.00116 (72.7%)0.754
 Do you eat more foods with fibre23 (59.0%)16 (61.0%)0.99918 (81.8%)0.375
 Do you eat less sugary foods and carbohydrates24 (61.5%)25 (100%)0.00417 (77.3%)1.000
Physical activity: readiness to change physical activity
 Are you making yourself stronger?10 (25.6%)21 (81.4%)<0.00115 (68.2%)0.004
 Do you plan more activity in your day?9 (23.1%)23 (92.0%)<0.00114 (63.6%)0.002
 Do you plan more activity on weekends?9 (23.1%)21 (81.4%)<0.00114 (63.6%)0.012
 Have you increased the number of steps you take each day?10 (25.6%)22 (88.0%)<0.00114 (63.6%)0.002
 Have you reduced the amount of time you spend sitting?15 (38.5%)17 (68.0%)0.00810 (45.5%)0.999
Weight: readiness to change weight
 Are you trying to reach your best weight16 (41.0%)23 (92.0%)<0.00119 (86.4%)0.002
Quality of life and wellbeing
EQ-5D health state utility0.800.86<0.0010.87<0.001
EQ-5D VAS47.563.6<0.00164.2<0.001
WHO-5 Well-Being Index55.768.8<0.00165.7<0.001

Abbreviations: CI: Confidence Interval; EQ-5D: EuroQol Five-Dimensions; IPAQ: International Physical Activity Questionnaire; MET: Metabolic Equivalent of Task; VAS: Visual Analog Scale; WHO: World Health Organization. 12 weeks survey was completed by 25 participants and 52 weeks survey was completed by 22 participants. All the statistically significant values retained significance after Benjamini-Hochberg correction for multiple testing.