Research Letter

Efficiently Synchronized Spread-Spectrum Audio Watermarking with Improved Psychoacoustic Model

Table 1

Proposed watermarking system bit error rate.

Attack typeCountry (%)Jazz (%)Pop (%)Rock (%)Classic (%)AVG (%)

(a)–(d)000000
MP3/64 Kbps0.780.710.520.270.190.49
MP3/32 Kbps2.031.613.330.271.441.74
MP3/20 Kbps2.527.375.942.0813.446.27